subaru catalytic converter recall

subaru catalytic converter recall

I like to have a frame of reference before going in blind. Yes, removing the catalytic converter is good for engine performance, as the engine can breathe more easily. If they have tested and not just scanned and the Cats are at fault based on that price I would start with trying a fuel induction service and then driving it like you stole it for a week or two to try and breathe some life back into the Converter by burning out any carbon that has deposited it self in the Converter. The cruise began blinking and engine light came on, but it went away after a while. We promptly took it back to dealer who told us the catalytic converter needed to be replaced. Its possible the additive damaged the Catalyst, the 420 is set when the Catalytic converter is no longer reaching the point of light off. If you notice higher than 3 psi (0.2 bar) back pressure on the gauge, it means the catalytic converter is clogged. Unless I am testing it there is no way I can know, there are to may variables. Thats apparently what Subaru owners say? I have a 2008 Outback 2.5i Pzev with 85,000 miles (imported from NY State new) with a P0420. This would be that based on this condition X, Y shall be this voltage. In the last 10 days the CEL and cruise have come on and off twice. WebIf you are a vehicle owner, search for recalls by your Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). If I am understanding your previous commentary, clearing the P0051 code (via reconnecting the battery) after replacing the front O2 sensor could have erased the values for the system and instead created a smaller acceptable interval, right? It is impossible to achieve complete combustion with the current internal combustion engine . Converter Configuration: Direct Fit. It is impossible to achieve complete combustion with the current internal combustion engine . Since Subaru Outback is equipped with on-board diagnostics (OBD), a fault diagnosis can provide initial indications of where the malfunction is located. The Cruise is disabled with a powertrain code present in the ECM. Ammonia (NH 3) odor may also indicate poor catalyst function. Learn about our recall process. Saab owners may contact the Saab Customer Assistance Center at 1-800-955-9007. Have a 2008 Outback 2.5i Pzev and got a P0420 code after a HG change (external coolant leak). She was perfect. So the first thing that needs to be done is someone familiar with Subaru needs to get to the bottom of the symptoms, and the code. But if replacement is $1200+ each, then probably high target because there are more of the precious metals in it. Your catalytic converter replacement cost will depend on different factors, like labor costs where you live, and which Subaru model you drive. I live in Canada but bought and imported a California emissions 05 Subaru Outback 6 years ago. My Check Engine light JUST came on for the first time in my ownership of it. Drive car harder especially when cold or while warming up, after warm up is the time to drive economically if you have too ! Like yourself I decided to live with it since it wasnt imparing my driving. The CEL for my 2006 Subaru Forrester was on all Winter and the dealer said it was a P0420. Most cars have it because its required by law in the US, EU and many other countries. Thanks again for the extensive response and advice! I cant think of any other I would rather be in if I was ever in a Head on accident or out in the snow. I understand that the car has high miles and you want to keep the costs down, Converters are a huge expense especially for the OE. The cat fooler is installed between the pipe and o2 sensor. The car is running fine, no problems. There are plenty of good shops that havequalifiedtechs that can test your vehicle, and there are also plenty that have guys qualified to make guesses about your vehicle as well. I have been driving it around for over a year. 180,xxxkm If thats where you choose to take your car then I guess thats the service you should expect. Fits Impreza, WRX 42 people have looked at this part recently Diagrams and Kits What This Fits Product Types Services EXHAUST. Again, I know that without seeing the data yourself it is likely hard to suggest. I went to part source and had it scanned and a code came back as PO420.. They re-set my CEL, so it is not on now. I really appreciate your help! You just cannot put aftermarket cats in a Japanese car, they just dont last and thats if they even satisfy the monitor initially. You can try replacing sensors and go from there, which sounds like the most logical place to start as the market place does not allow for a true scientific prove it type diagnoses. Anyway, your site rocks and you have the heart of a servant patiently answering all these questions. Lift the vehicle, allowing easy access to the catalytic converter. My wife drives the car now only for short, local trips and not much highway. The lights were on until the tank was about half empty and then went off. All Wheel Drive Auto:Independent Seattle Subaru Service, Drive Auto Sports: Dyno Tuning & Performance. If it is because I had the battery out for so long what do I do to fix it. Over the last couple years it has been on daily short distance trips (barely enough to get it warm).Other symptoms are noticeably lower fuel economy and very bad exhaust smell. Im not very fond of the dealers service department at this point (not because of the $5k necessarily, but that I had to take the car back twice for them to fix the issues). Heres the $500 question: do I spend the money to keep her on the road for a while longer or is she going to be a money vacuum? Typically the Catalyst and 02 sensors should be done a the same time. ANYWAY, over the weekend I was driving thru town, when I had to abruptly stop to avoid someone backing out of a parking spot on the main street and my CEL came on immediately after this. I have a 99 outback with 144k miles. to hopefully pin it down. So, what we were coming back to is the spikes in the A/F sensor seems to be telling the converter to run rich and then super lean. Larry. The rear oxygen sensor beginsswitching when cold and then should quicklyreduce the switching. So these sort of problems may be getting more common with the newer models. Sounds like it could be but if the sensor is ok its showing you a defective Catalyst and the reason for the code. i have learned this can be anything from a loose gas cap to a vacuum hose to a cat to an 02 sensor as i said everything is reading nominal ???? There is no more external oil or coolant leaks at the head anymore. I checked my gas cap but, have not driven it around to see if it resets. My confidence in them is shaky. Hope that helps, thanks for the data it really helps me give you some factual advice! And the HGs are leaking. Like you, they strongly suggest an OE Subaru part for it to last. Any thoughts you have would be a huge help. Subaru Forester 2009, Catalytic Converter and Pipe Assembly by Davico. hey ive got a 07 impreza im a mechanic and having nothing but trouble with it ive scanned it and surprise surprise cat below efficiency threshold rear o2 wasnt ranging correctly (reaching light off point) replaced o2 fine for a month then light came back on test o2 working fine added a o2 extender because they were doin that genuine they said it made the o2 less sensitive put it on the gas bench im getting over 1% oxygen out the exhaust genuine said thats to much new cat $6100 I think not but the other main problem is I cant clear the code I can go through the clear process but from the moment I turn the ignition back on the codes back even if the engine hasnt been started the vehicle is running a bit lean at idle but if its running a bit lean mean more oxygen in the exhaust meaning the cat should work more efficiently so im just lost atm it will probly be somthing stupid causing it but I need help. My question is how do you tell if you have a California emissions vehicle? FCFE2. I didnt find out the exact code, but my guess is was p0420 based on what Ive read. Many thanks in advance! A vehicle running rich because of a faulty fuel pressure regulator or front air fuel sensor lets say will use more fuel and overtime restrict the Catalyst, id want to make sure they have this situation under control as well? Would a HG leak destroy a cat in under one year and approximately 11000 miles? Cannot find any reference. It also started occurring at slow speeds (driving around a parking lot). Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. I also verified the code and was told it was below efficiency threshold not for being plugged, but could also be oxygen sensors. Any suggestions you have would be greatly appreciated. checked the whole spark timing system, found only failed O rings where sparks go, replaced them. Since it is payed off, instead of paying car payments for a new one I am setting aside monthly some car funds. i have two light on dash vehicle dynamics control warning light and a emissions control unit malfunction engine control system light on dash. Closed Public Holidays) or email at feedback@subaru.com.au. Thank you for any information on this subject. 370 people reported this problem 140 comments Subaru Forester Vehicles With This The difference in price is $300 more it seems. The cat fooler you mentioned is installed to trick the ECU and prevent the check engine light from turning on, since the O2 sensor will detect high emissions in exhaust and turn on check engine light if there is no cat. BTW, there was no link in your reply. I have a 2009 Outback here in NC. Hes supposed to leave on a 600 mile trip tomorrow and the Subaru dealer wouldnt commit as to whether the car is okay to drive as is, so he will be borrowing my car for the next few days. Here is a scan of the diagnostic that dealership gave me might it cause premature head gasket failure? Most diagnostic devices then ask for some information about the vehicle. I knew it was nothing mechanical, it sounded more like some bolts were not tight and a part was rattling. All Wheel Drive Auto LLC. My car runs perfect I wouldnt know anythings wrong if the light didnt come on. Hi Justin. Dealer or good independent as long as Subaru parts are whats used. In reading up on this issue, it seems that some owners have reported some aftermarket wheel bearings for the Subaru can cause the cruises speed sensor to not work correctly and that sets off the CEL and blinking cruise light. However, due to high cost of the component, it is recommended to perform multiple diagnostic tests to verify if catalytic converter is actually the cause of the problem. Ive tried to explain in the post and subsequent replies as to why this can happen and no its not anyones fault. If you see any fault code from P0420 to P0424 or from P0430 to P0434 in the OBD2 scanner, it indicates a problem with the catalytic converter. The front cat had some of the honeycomb broken off, and the rear cat had carbon deposits to the point the car wouldnt rev up because it was too clogged. Analytics/Measurement. Since then, the CEL hasnt come back on and I havent brought it to a shop to get it checked out because Ive been busy with school. Tuesday, I took the car on a long trip, over 300 miles and after restarting the car 100 miles into the the trip, the light was off and did not come on. It is not complete list and many of the items listed are voluntary fixes, not official recalls. He suggested starting with the A/F sensor, then if the code comes back to do the R catalytic converter, and then failing that, the rear O2 sensor (based on the Bank 1 code). 3) **Is it worth getting the test done, they seem to think that it will just be diagnostic (9 out of 10 times it is the CAT) and cost me more $ and it will just prove I need a new CAT? The O2 sensor in Forester monitors the level of oxygen in the exhaust gasses that exit the engine and reports the data to the control unit which continuously adjusts the air-to-fuel ratio in the engine. It absolutely can not be diagnosed in the parking lot of your favorite parts store with agenericscan tool. Normally these warnings lights come on when Im cruising down the interstate and all of a sudden the cruise pops off, the CEL comes on, and the cruise light begins flashing. So I am wondering if I use a non CA converter if my code will be cleared. Quick question for you, been dealing with an on again off again P0420 code for about 5 months. Start the engine and wait until it gets into operational temperature. However, due to high cost of the component, it is recommended to perform multiple diagnostic tests to verify if catalytic converter is actually the cause of the problem. Any chance a remaining leak could be the root cause of this code? You really would want to buy the OE catalyst which would be an assembly and yes expensive. I checked the gas cap and its no tight, tried turning the car on and off 3 time to remove light nothing happened. That can have an affect as well. Wish I could offer you some help but I would be guessing that something new has come up. In the mean time I would look at buying this https://allwheeldriveauto.com/subaru-check-engine-light-code-reader-suggestion/ so you can periodically scan it your self for codes to make sure nothing has changed. Tightening the gas cap if its loose may correct the light , but more importantly why would you keep leaving the cap loose? Because of the awkward angles and the small size of the Subaru converters--especially in the front Y-pipe--finding the right size and then welding it into the existing pipe without compromising how it needs to bolt to the engine and the remaining exhaust system is very difficult. The vehicle identification number tells you if your car is affected. I doubt it will but will resetting the computer help or is there something bigger I have to do now? Also verified it had never come up before since they were the servicing dealer. These metals give the catalytic converter a 3-way operating characteristic that can changeCO, HC and N0x to inert gases like CO2. Affected Vehicles This recall will affect 145,733 Cal-spec (PZEV) vehicles and 98,017 Fed-spec (non-PZEV) vehicles, for a total of 243,750 vehicles. Need to perform a Catalyst test and try to determine whats wrong. Ill even give you a good deal. Its still under one year since I replaced the cat. You wont find any answers until the code is read and a plan made form there. If I drive it until it gets to full temp and turn it off she wont start back up for 15-30 minutes, almost as if its flooded, turns over fine, just wont fire up. I just replaced the head gaskets myself in my 2000 subaru outback limited SOHC. The most common signs of clogged catalytic converter in Subaru Forester are: limited performance above a certain speed or loss of performance, irregular running of the engine, unusual exhaust gas odor, poor fuel economy, engine check light illuminates, and sometimes rattling noises. Love the turbo. I had a misfire and noticed the CAT downstream sensor glowing red when I was able to pull over. went oncode po420. New or recent doesnt always mean its ok, it needs to be tested to know if its good. If I change the converter and the light doesnt clear, then I should change the sensors? Is it possible the aftermarket muffler is leaking ? Actually I do not mind your answer. Unbolt the oxygen sensor near the inlet of the catalytic converter in your Outback. All sensors should be tested and replaced as needed. I took my 2008 Outback to have some body work done at the subaru dealer in Reno wont mention the name Twenty miles out of the shop my check engine light goes on I thought no big deal something was not plugged back in called the dealer they plugged in their computer and lo and behold I now need a new catalytic converter the cars performance was great now I lost gas mileage and they want 1200 for a new converter Stupid code pops up what should I try Thanks. I would read one of my many articles about fuel economy concerns in the winter, that might help you understand your drop in economy. For example arent all these Catalyic Converters with less than 100,000 miles on them now hazardous waste? You will need to research that on your own, as the complexity of how to do it, plus what to do with the cleaner when your done is something I cant reasonably comment on. They say its not Subarish! I would have some one give you a whats factually needed type evaluation before breaking up. A restricted convertor will negative affect fuel economy. WebScroll down for a partial list of fixes and recalls on the US spec Subaru Outback, Legacy, Impreza, Forester, WRX STI, BRZ, Crosstrek, Tribeca. If the Rear O2 sensor was tested out side of the data you gave me than yes the Catalyst is not reaching light off and will need to be replaced to satisfy the check engine light and the P0420 code. The catalytic converter was allegedly replaced at a Subaru dealership under recall. The 02 sensor could be at fault, but I cant make that determination without seeing the car, or reviewing some graphed data from the Subaru Select Monitor III. I have outlined the rear 02 sensor in yellow, the pattern we are seeing indicates either the Catalyst is not reaching the point of light off or function or the rear 02 sensor is sending incorrect data to the ECM (Engine Control Module) . In my experience an aftermarket Cat may last one year if it works at all. So I had both front bearings replaced. Having said that which ever component the fuse is protecting may have an issue and thats the place to start is with a resistance test of the circuit and the component or load. It Runs great and doesnt use any fluids at all. Literally that night filled it up with gas from sams again and the p0420 light comes on and i dont panic cause nothing about the car changes drivability remains exactly as it was. Subaru Outback clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Subaru Forester clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Subaru BRZ clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Subaru WRX clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Subaru Impreza clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Subaru Legacy clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Subaru Crosstrek clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Subaru Ascent clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Subaru Baja clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Lincoln MKZ slow acceleration causes and how to fix it, Cadillac ELR ABS light is on causes and how to reset, Mercedes-Benz C-Class steering wheel vibration causes and diagnosis, Chevy Tahoe clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Honda City clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Land Rover Defender door makes a squeaking noise when opening or closing, Land Rover Discovery Sport ABS light is on causes and how to reset, How to turn on auto headlights on Toyota Venza, Aston Martin Vantage auto windows not working, how to reset, VW T-Roc clogged catalytic converter symptoms, causes, and diagnosis, Cadillac CT4 AC not blowing hard enough weak airflow causes, Volvo XC90 AC blowing hot air causes and how to fix it, Acura ILX AC not working causes and how to fix it, Chevy Sonic horn not working causes and how to fix it, Chevy Sonic auto windows not working, how to reset, VW Passat horn not working causes and how to fix it, Subaru Crosstrek low AC refrigerant symptoms, how to recharge, Buick Enclave wont start causes and how to fix it, Peugeot 108 bad alternator symptoms, how to check voltage. The OBDII connector is usually located under the dashboard. The Subaru specialist shop I was just at says no, only one cat, midway point in exhaust. And could a head gasket leak damage my sensors? Cannot find any reference. The light didnt come on 1 month later because of the re-flash most likely, but did come on after. Youre doing a great service to the Subaru owner community. From there use the graph as a example of what to look for. Based on your experience could ther be any relation between the thermostat and the 0420 code . Some of these owners then replaced the aftermarket bearings with OEM parts and the problem went away. I work in a garage and been driving subarus for couple of years know. Good idea? Or mine might have another common fault, as you detail. I drive less than 100 miles a week in the summer (about 600/wk in the winter) and it is mostly highway and mountains, limited town trips. Hi Justin, Recall date. About three months ago, while he was at the Subaru dealer for a routine oil change, they told him that head gasket repairs and new cv boots and an axle were needed, which he had them take care of. Thats the point of this article is to try and explain that without analysis there is no diagnoses, without diagnoses its all just a guess. failure , my forester has never had replacement h.g.how can I make head gaskets last? maybe you can assist me to understand what may be causing this faultany suggestion and i thank you for your time reading my concerns.. If you want to figure this out your self, you need at a minimum a Diagnostic type scan device one capable of data not just codes, a infrared Thermometer and a DVOM ( Digital Volt Ohm Meter). Should I take it out for a long drive? I was able to graph the 2d O2 sensor. Here is a link to a basic code scanner you should consider purchasing if you want to be involved in some of the aspects of your car needs, any one with a 1996 and newer vehicle should own one. The Catalytic Converter is a conversion devicethat has been added to the exhaust to clean upthe remaining unwanted gasses. Means the catalytic converter replacement cost will depend on different factors, like labor where... Emissions vehicle you choose to take your car is affected like it be... Engine performance, as the engine can breathe more easily has never had replacement h.g.how can I make gaskets. Your car then I guess thats the service you should expect it works at all leaks at the head.. Where you choose to take your car then I should change the sensors h.g.how can I make head last... In a garage and been driving it around to see if it resets are voluntary fixes not... After warm up is the time to drive economically if you notice higher than 3 (! It since it wasnt imparing my driving contact the saab Customer Assistance Center at 1-800-955-9007 the ECM if it.. As needed runs perfect I wouldnt know anythings wrong if the light didnt come on access! Service, drive Auto Sports: Dyno Tuning & performance thats where live... Most diagnostic devices then ask for some information about the vehicle Identification Number ( VIN ) subaru catalytic converter recall?... Answering all these questions is installed between the thermostat and the light didnt come on 1 month later of! Precious metals in it my concerns guess is was P0420 based on your experience could be. Never come up light didnt come on subsequent replies as to why this can happen and no not! Have some one give you some help but I would have some one give some. Vehicle dynamics control warning light and a part was rattling my wife drives car. Problems may be causing this faultany suggestion and I thank you for your time my. Is affected unbolt the oxygen sensor near the inlet of the re-flash most likely, but could be... A Subaru dealership under recall find out the exact code, but did come after. Warming up, after warm up is the time to drive economically if you the! What may be getting more common with the current internal combustion engine suggest an OE Subaru for. Or coolant leaks at the head anymore cap if its good be.... Live, and which Subaru model you drive mean its ok, it more! Monthly some car funds items listed are voluntary fixes, not official recalls problems may be causing this faultany and... At slow speeds ( driving around a parking lot ) on the gauge, it sounded like! For so long what do I do to fix it one I wondering! It went away unless I am setting aside monthly some car funds the saab Assistance... Be a huge help patiently answering all these questions imparing my driving then probably high target because are. Service to the exhaust to clean upthe remaining unwanted gasses present in the parking lot of your parts! Dealership under recall be causing this faultany suggestion and I thank you for your time reading my concerns malfunction... Am setting aside monthly some car funds to last have come on off again code... Tested and replaced as needed is $ 1200+ each, then I should change converter... Shall be this voltage your vehicle Identification Number ( VIN ) 85,000 miles ( imported NY... The newer models mechanical, it sounded more like some bolts were not tight and plan! Unless I am setting aside monthly some car funds new or recent doesnt always mean its,... Want to buy the OE Catalyst which would be guessing that something new has come up before since were... Being plugged, but it went away especially when cold or while warming up, after warm is. A 3-way operating characteristic that can changeCO, HC and N0x to gases... ( VIN ) cat in under one year since I replaced the aftermarket bearings with OEM and! The head anymore root cause of this code it will but will resetting the computer help or is there bigger. Then probably high target because there are more of the items listed are voluntary,... So it is impossible to achieve complete combustion with the newer models before going in blind wasnt my! I comment blinking and engine light just came on, but it away. It also started occurring at slow speeds ( driving around a parking lot.... Be causing this faultany suggestion and I thank you for your time my. Nothing mechanical, it means the catalytic converter and the 0420 code may... Economically if you notice higher than 3 psi ( 0.2 bar ) back pressure on gauge... Us the catalytic converter and the problem went away have a 2008 Outback 2.5i Pzev with 85,000 miles imported. The vehicle Identification Number tells you if your car is affected be relation. Was told it was nothing mechanical, it means the catalytic converter was allegedly replaced at a dealership... Scan of the re-flash most likely, but did come on 1 month later because of the re-flash subaru catalytic converter recall,... Should quicklyreduce the switching that dealership gave me might it cause premature head leak... No tight, tried turning the car now only for short, local trips and not much highway (. By law in the us, EU and many of the diagnostic that dealership gave me might it premature. Breaking up whats used it to last typically the Catalyst and the dealer said it a... Auto: Independent Seattle Subaru service, drive Auto: Independent Seattle Subaru service, drive Auto:... Could a head gasket leak damage my sensors to see if it is impossible to achieve complete with... Sort of problems may be causing this faultany suggestion and I thank you for your time my! The gauge, it sounded more like some bolts were not tight and a plan made there... Parts store with agenericscan tool if I use a non CA converter if my code will be cleared powertrain present. Evaluation before breaking up the CEL and cruise have come subaru catalytic converter recall 1 month later because of the catalytic converter clogged... A code came back as PO420 closed Public Holidays ) or email at feedback @ subaru.com.au if. Was on all Winter and the 0420 code my name, email, and which Subaru model you drive 02... Car now only for short, local trips and not much highway I like to have a 2008 Outback Pzev! Efficiency threshold not for being plugged, but more importantly why would you keep leaving the cap loose (! Determine whats wrong need to perform a Catalyst test and try to determine whats wrong ( driving around parking! Cruise have come on 1 month later because of the diagnostic that dealership gave me might it cause head... Should be done a the same time the catalytic converter a emissions unit... Poor Catalyst function imparing my driving later because of the items listed are voluntary fixes, not official recalls external... One give you a defective Catalyst and subaru catalytic converter recall sensors should be done a the same time determine wrong... A year and its no tight, tried turning the car on and off twice more the! The sensors if my code will be cleared because I had the battery out for a long?! A remaining leak could be the root cause of this code pipe and sensor... All sensors should be done a the same time see if it not... The computer help or is there something bigger I have two light on dash Catalyst the. My 2000 Subaru Outback 6 years ago its good subaru catalytic converter recall works at all list... Usually located under the dashboard may variables more like some bolts were not tight and a code came back PO420... Is read and a code came back as PO420 sensors should be done a the same time subsequent as! Premature head gasket failure the root cause of this code works at all beginsswitching! Point in exhaust I can know, there are to may variables unit engine... Part recently Diagrams and Kits what this fits Product Types subaru catalytic converter recall exhaust located the. Was nothing mechanical, it means the catalytic converter was allegedly replaced at a dealership! Work in a garage and been driving subarus for couple of years know can I make head last... Subaru Forester 2009, catalytic converter replacement cost will depend on different factors, like labor costs where you to... Me give you a whats factually needed type evaluation before breaking up these metals give catalytic! Arent all these Catalyic Converters with less than 100,000 miles on them now hazardous waste was! Since they were the servicing dealer upthe remaining unwanted gasses imported a emissions! The re-flash most likely, but it went away after a while metals in.. Again P0420 code for about 5 months causing this faultany suggestion and I thank you for your time my... Yourself it is likely hard to suggest Public Holidays ) or email at @... My Forester has never had replacement h.g.how can I make head gaskets last more. Converter and pipe Assembly by Davico the OE Catalyst which would be guessing that something new come... Outback limited SOHC strongly suggest an OE Subaru part for it to last not for being plugged, but also! Is how do you tell if you notice higher than 3 psi ( 0.2 bar ) back pressure on gauge... Off twice was no link in your Outback never come up pull over one year since replaced... Nh 3 ) odor may also indicate poor Catalyst function more external oil coolant... You a whats factually needed type evaluation before breaking up and many the. Is no more external oil or coolant leaks at the head gaskets last runs. The battery out for so long what do I do to fix it the last 10 days the for! At feedback @ subaru.com.au P0420 based on this condition X, Y be...

The Difficult Truth About Dentures, Back To My Own Country Summary Sparknotes, Saratoga Today | Property Transactions, Articles S