abraham cowley teach me to love
It is bright and amusing, in the style common to the "sons" of Ben Jonson, the university wits who wrote more for the closet than the public stage. Where never human foot the ground has pressed; Desire takes wings and straight does fly, It stays not dully to inquire the Why. His poetry was rated extremely highly by his contemporaries, including Rochester and Dryden, and his works were reprinted fourteen times between 1668 and 1721. This period was spent almost entirely in the royal service, "bearing a share in the distresses of the royal family, or labouring in their affairs. The album's material was a mixture of new recordings and cover versions of previously-recorded songs. . [3] Teach Me to Love was recorded in August 1984 at the Associated Recording Studio in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. In A Dream of Elysium, Cowley, seemingly engaged in an exercise in poetic self-education, parades before a sleeping poet a host of classical favorites: Hyacinth, Narcissus, Apollo, Ovid, Homer, Cato, Leander, Hero, Portia, Brutus, Pyramus, and Thisbe. His Poemata Latina, including six books "Plantarum," were printed in 1668. I know they are not, and therefore cannot much recommend solitude to a man totally illiterate. His father, a wealthy citizen, who died shortly before his birth, was a stationer. This statement does not extend to any page images or other supplementary files associated with this work, which may be protected by copyright or other license restrictions. "[3], In spite of these labours he did not refrain from writing. Poet and essayist Abraham Cowley was born in London, England, in 1618. As a former teacher I love introducing people to careers in teaching and seeing how rewarding it is, both for them and the young people they teach. The poetry of Cowley rapidly fell into neglect. It was the thirty first studio recording of her career and was a collection of gospel songs. Teach craft to Scots, and thrift to Jews, Teach boldness to the Stews; In tyrants courts teach supple flattery, Teach Jesuits, that have traveled far, to Lye. And feel with torment that 'tis so. In subsequent editions, Cowley and his editors added Verses on Various Occasions and Several Discourses by Way of Essays in Prose and Verse. Cowley himself informed his readers that the Miscellanies constituted poems preserved from earlier folios (some even from his schooldays); unfortunately, he made no distinction between the poor efforts and those of quality. This is such an odd temper of mind as Catullus expresses towards one of his mistresses, whom we may suppose to have been of a very unsociable humour. go teach thy self more wit; I am chief Professor of it. go teach thy self more wit; I am chief Professor of it. In 1638 Love's Riddle and a Latin comedy, the Naufragium Joculare, were printed, and in 1641 the passage of Prince Charles through Cambridge gave occasion to the production of another dramatic work, The Guardian, which was acted before the royal visitor with much success. In Imitation of Horace his second Ode, B. The long cadences of the Alexandrines with which most of the strophes close, continued to echo in English poetry from Dryden down to Gray, but the Odes themselves, which were found to be obscure by the poet's contemporaries, immediately fell into disesteem. Drinking, 3. The Tree of Knowledge. During this same time, Cowley occupied himself in writing a history of the Civil War (which did not get published in full until 1973). In all her outward parts Love 's always seen; 5 Cowley complains that for too long wit and eloquence have been wasted on the beggarly flattery of important persons, idolizing of foolish women, and senseless fables. In 1637 Cowley was elected into Trinity College, Cambridge, where he betook himself with enthusiasm to the study of all kinds of learning, and early distinguished himself as a ripe scholar. [3], In 1638 Loves Riddle and a Latin comedy, the Naufragium Joculare, were printed, and in 1641 the passage of Prince Charles (later to be King Charles II) through Cambridge led to the production of another dramatic work, The Guardian, which was performed before the royal visitor with much success. It is bright and amusing, in the style common to the "sons" of Ben Jonson, the university wits who wrote more for the closet than the public stage. This section of his works opens with the famous aspiration: "What shall I do to be for ever known, And make the coming age my own?" Included was Jackson's cover of the Cristy Lane country hit "One Day at a Time", which was written by Kris Kristofferson and Marijohn Wilkin. This became the favourite reading of her son, and he had twice devoured it all before he was sent to school. It is true, it loves to have its elbows free, it detests to have company on either side, but it delights above all things in a train' behind, aye, and ushers, too, before it. Of the twelve books planned, only four were finished, and those were written while Cowley was still at Cambridge. The poem, published the same year as Sprats History of the Royal Society, focused not so much on the institution in question or even on science in general but on the evolution of philosophy, which Cowley placed into two chronological periods: before and after Francis Bacon. There were many reprints of this collection, which formed the standard edition till 1881, when it was superseded by Alexander Balloch Grosart's privately printed edition in two volumes, for the Chertsey Worthies library. Among the latter are to be found Cowley's most vital pieces. Abraham Cowley (1618-1667) was considered one of the leading poets of his day, though his verse is now considered to have aged poorly compared with that of his contemporaries. On 3 August, Cowley was buried in Westminster Abbey beside the ashes of Chaucer and Spenser, where in 1675 the Duke of Buckingham erected a monument to his memory. But I suppose that neither of 'em you, Nor Orator nor Poet ever knew; Wherefore I wonder not, you shou'd comply, And the Worlds Tyrant so far gratify. Abraham Cowley (/kuli/;[1] 1618 28 July 1667) was an English poet and essayist born in the City of London late in 1618. Title: Poems written by A. Cowley. . During the early part of her career, Wanda Jackson became among the first women to have commercial success in the country and Rockabilly music genres. Cowleys purpose throughout was to achieve a sense of harmony between what he viewed as the liberty of the ode and the moral liberty of life, the latter combining responsibility and freedom. Cowley added to the collected editions of his poems as they were issued between 1656 and his death in 1667. So powerful is this change, it render can. Eleven years after the publication of Davideis in the collected Poems, John Milton published Paradise Lost (1667, 1674). He adorned the entire scene with amorous conceits and characters yearning for the beauties of the country and the consolations of nature. Odi et Amo, qua nam id faciam ratione requiris?Nescio, sed fieri sentio, et excrucior. Teach restless Fountains how to flow, The Pindarique Odes contain weighty Lines and passages, buried in irregular and inharmonious masses of moral verbiage. One of the most famous odes written after Cowley in the Pindaric tradition is Wordsworth's "Intimations of Immortality." Now because the soul of man is not by its own nature or observation furnished with sufficient materials to work upon; it is necessary for it to have continual resource to learning and books for fresh supplies, so that the solitary life will grow indigent, and be ready to starve without them; but if once we be thoroughly engaged in the love of letters, instead of being wearied with the length of any day, we shall only complain of the shortness of our whole life. His sole companion chose to be,Thee, sacred Solitude alone; Participant on the Teach First Training Programme (West Midlands cohort 2016), former Brand Manager and proud ambassador. The Mistress, originally published as a separate volume in 1647, comprises one hundred love poems, or, in Cowleys own terms, feigned addresses to some fair creature of the fancy. The works of Cowley were collected in 1668, when Thomas Sprat brought out an edition in folio, to which he prefixed a life of the poet. Home History of English Literature Analysis of Abraham Cowleys Poems, By NASRULLAH MAMBROL on July 19, 2020 ( 0 ). It must be noted, however, that Cowley misunderstood Pindar's metrical practice and therefore his reproduction of the Pindaric Ode form in English does not accurately reflect Pindar's poetics. [1] The song's original recording was first released on Jackson's 1975 album Now I Have Everything. He appears to have been of a cold, or at least of a timid, disposition; in the face of these elaborately erotic volumes, we are told that to the end of his days he never summoned up courage to speak of love to a single woman in real life. 1638; Naufragium Joculare, pr., pb. On the Death of Mr. Iordan, Second Master at Westminster School. The first, Pyramusand Thisbe, 226 lines, does not differ too markedly from Ovids tale, although Cowleys Venus seems overly malevolent and the (then) ten-year-old poet carried to extremes the desired but untasted joys of love. This volume included the later works already mentioned, the Pindarique Odes, the Davideis, the Mistress and some Miscellanies. Late in 1658 Oliver Cromwell died, and Cowley took advantage of the confusion of affairs to escape to Paris, where he remained until the Restoration brought him back in Charles's train. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Shawn MendesWonder 2020 Island Records, a division of UMG Recordings, Inc.Released on: 20. Teach fire to burn and Winds to blow. If to my share the Prophets fate must come; And for their quiet nests and plenteous foodPay with their grateful voice. I googled the above text and could not find a summary of this particular work. He made his way to Oxford, where he enjoyed the friendship of Lord Falkland, and gained the personal confidence of the royal family. In that weighty trust he behaved himself with indefatigable integrity and unsuspected secrecy; for he ciphered and deciphered with his own hand the greatest part of all the letters that passed between their majesties, and managed a vast intelligence in many other parts, which for some years together took up all his days, and two or three nights every week." And both our wholes into one whole combine; But half of heaven the souls in glory taste. Cowley, however, despite a number of purely political distractions during his adult life, managed to extend his poetic talents beyond childhood exercises, and it is to the products of his maturity that one must turn for the comprehension and appreciation of his art. Cowley also had the distinct advantage of apoint of view resulting from the mastery of several positive sciences and of practically all the literature of Europe. Through moral liberty, he hoped to find simplicity, retirement, and charm; the liberty of the ode,he thought, might allow for a greater participation in intellectual exercise. [4] Country performer Leon McAuliffe is also featured on the album. To the Bishop of Lincoln, Upon his Enlargement out of the Tower. He admitted that a warlike, unstable, and even tragic age may be the best for the poet to write about, but it may also be the worst time in which to write. It was about this time that he composed his scriptural epic on the history of King David, one book of which still exists in the Latin original, the rest being superseded in favour of an English version in four books, called the Davideis, which were published after his death. [3] Portraits of Cowley, attributed to William Faithorne and Stephen Slaughter, are in Trinity College's collection. Teach fire to Teach Jesuits, that have traveled far, to Lye. The Ballad of William Bloat - Raymond Calvert, To the Virgins, Make Much of Time - Robert Herrick, A Midsummer Night's Dream - William Shakespeare, Excerpt from Ulysses - Alfred Lord Tennyson, Excerpt from Walden - Henry David Thoreau, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. At Westminster he displayed extraordinary mental precocity and versatility, writing when he was just thirteen the Elegy on the Death of Dudley, Lord Carlton. Which blest remained till man did findEven his own helper's company. Indeed, there are moments in Cowleys elegies when the reader wonders if the poet was more interested in praising the virtues of science and learning than in mourning the loss of friends. Teach me to Love? ELEGIA DEDICATORIA, ad ILLUSTRISSIMAM Academiam CANTABRIGIENSEM. 1641 (revised as Cutter of Coleman Street, pb. The Poems contain four divisions: the Miscellanies, including the Anacreontiques; The Mistress, a collection of love poems; Pindarique Odes; and the Davideis, a heroic epic focusing on the problems of the Old Testament king. Abraham Cowley > Quotes (?) Cowley, now about twelve, again chose as his subject a tragic love story, keeping hold on Venus, Cupid, and other deities. Teach me to Love? As long as he could serve as his own explicator, there seemed no limit to his invention. He became a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, but was ejected by the Parliamentarians in 1643. Nature the wisest architect,Who those fond artists does despise He was one of the leading English poets of the 17th century, with 14 printings of his Works published between 1668 and 1721. Realism and Romanticism in Dead Poets Society. In fact, there is evidence that the volume had been prepared in some form at least two years earlier. Cowley published his first volume of verse, Poetical Blossoms (1633), when he was 15. [2] Jackson continued recording gospel into the early 1980s on a series of labels, which included the Vine record company. Still the Soul stays, yet still does from me run; Abraham Cowley 1881 Lettuce Some think your commendation you deserve, 'Cause you of old Augustus did preserve. In 1638 Love's Riddle and a Latin comedy, the Naufragium Joculare, were printed, and in 1641 the passage of Prince Charles through Cambridge gave occasion to the production of another dramatic . Come at last and strike, for shame, If thou art any thing besides a name; I'll think thee else no God to be, But poets rather Gods, who first created thee. go teach thy self more wit; I am chief Professor of it. If she be coy, and scorn my noble fire; Not more than one or two are good throughout, but a full posy of beauties may easily be culled from them. In 1656, he had little desire to write poetry, mainly because of the political instability of the moment, his own health, and his mental state. Also included was a re-recorded version of "Jesus Put a Yodel in My Soul". http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A34829.0001.001, For suggestions on citing this text, please see. It was also her first album to issued with the Vine label. Abraham Cowley I've often wish'd to love; what shall I do? Thus, the poet paid tribute to the philosopher as the proper predecessor of the Royal Society; his investigations paved the way for the significant accomplishments of that institution. Pindarum quisquis studet aemulari, &c. The University of Michigan Library provides access to these keyboarded and encoded editions of the works for educational and research purposes. [1] In 1988, it was re-released under the title Country Gospel in Switzerland. Profanity : Our optional filter replaced words with *** on this page , by owner. See also: Davideis (1656) Contents 1 Quotes 1.1 Davideis (1656) 2 Quotes about Cowley 3 External links With thee for ever I in woods could rest, Welch, Anthony. [2] [3], The first volume of Cowley's collected works was published in 1668, when Thomas Sprat brought out an edition in folio, to which he prefixed a life of the poet. He is buried at Westminster Abbey alongside Geoffrey Chaucer and Edmund Spenser . Copyrighted poems are the property of the copyright holders. Revard, Stella P. Cowleys Pindarique Odes and the Politics of the Inter Regnum.Criticism 35, no. Give me but Yours, I'll by that change so thrive. . Again, the particular circumstances of the moment and his deep personal disappointment gave Cowley the conviction to express what he actually felt. [2] This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. "Tecum vivere amem, tecum obeam lubens," They would live and die with her alone. On the Death of Sir Anthony Vandike, The famous Painter. On 3 August, Cowley was buried in Westminster Abbey beside the ashes of Chaucer and Spenser, where in 1675 the duke of Buckingham erected a monument to his memory. It has been considered to be a most astonishing feat of imaginative precocity; it is marked by no great faults of immaturity, and possesses constructive merits of a very high order. Totowa, N.J.: Rowman & Littlefield,1979. This is but to retreat from men, and fall into the hands of devils. Plays: Loves Riddle, pb. Teach boldness to the Stews; Abraham Cowley, portrait by Peter Lely. Thus, his poetry reflects the traditions of one period and the freshness of another, the extravagances of youth and the freedom to combine ingenuity with reason and learning. [8], During his exile, Cowley wrote a history of the Civil War (which did not get published in full until 1973). [3], Cowley obtained permission to retire into the country; and through his friend, Lord St Albans, he obtained a property near Chertsey, where, devoting himself to botany and books, he lived in comparative solitude until his death. He who does boast that he has bin, In 1647 a collection of his love verses, entitled The Mistress, was published, and in the next year a volume of wretched satires, The Four Ages of England, was brought out under his name, with the composition of which he had nothing to do[clarification needed]. The journey there is indeed long and laborious, and the relationship between all those cosmic details (gold, winds, voices, tides,and tidelessness) and Hell is never made clear. The Change. Looking on, and discoursing with his Mistress. 61. The truth of the matter is, that neither he who is a fop in the world is a fit man to be alone, nor he who has set his heart much upon the world, though he has ever so much understanding; so that solitude can be well fitted and set right but upon a very few persons. Living as he did, a stranger under surveillance in his own homeland, he felt restricted in his artistic endeavors. Thus, the three completed books of Cowley's great (albeit unfinished) English epic, The Civill Warre (otherwise spelled "The Civil War"), was finally published in full for the first time in 1973. All poems are shown free of charge for educational purposes only in accordance with fair use guidelines. The Pindarique Odes contain weighty lines and passages, buried in irregular and inharmonious masses of moral verbiage. Epic Romance, Royalist Retreat, and the English Civil War.Modern Philology105, no. The immediate success of the poem may have been due in part to Cowleys personal ties with the Royal Societyparticularly as a friend of both Sprat and Evelyn and as the author of A Proposition for the Advancement of Experimental Philosophy. that ambition itself might teach us to love solitude: there is nothing does so much hate to have companions. In 1658 he revised and altered his play of The Guardian, and prepared it for the press under the title of The Cutter of Coleman Street, but it did not appear until 1661. provided at no charge for educational purposes, An Answer To A Copy Of Verses Sent Me To Jersey, Davideis: A Sacred Poem Of The Troubles Of David (excerpt), The Praise of Pindar in Imitation of Horace His Second Ode, Book 4. Only Bacon, maintains Cowley, was willing to act and capable of routing the ghostlike body of authority that had for so long misled people with its dead thoughts. But, prithee, teach not me to love. Of more than passing interest is the preface to this volume, wherein Cowley attempts, by reference to his own personal situation, to explain the relationship between the poet and his environment. By 1656, and perhaps even before, Cowley had lost his taste for the epic and determined not to finish it. [1], https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teach_Me_to_Love&oldid=1039168202, This page was last edited on 17 August 2021, at 03:20. [6][7], After the Battle of Marston Moor he followed the queen to Paris, where his exile lasted twelve years. It was assumed that the rest of the poem had indeed been destroyed or lost until the mid-20th century when scholar Allan Pritchard discovered the first of two extant manuscript copies of the whole poem among the Cowper family papers. In practice, the ode allowed Cowley the opportunity to subject his readers to a host of what he had termed bold figures, images that would have occurred to no one other than he. Dost break and tame th' unruly heart,Which else would know no settled pace, Abraham Cowley, (born 1618, Londondied July 28, 1667, Chertsey, Eng. In that weighty trust he behaved himself with indefatigable integrity and unsuspected secrecy; for he ciphered and deciphered with his own hand the greatest part of all the letters that passed between their majesties, and managed a vast intelligence in many other parts, which for some years together took up all his days, and two or three nights every week. All poems are shown free of charge for educational purposes only in accordance with fair use guidelines. Teach fire to burn and Winds to blow. go teach thy self more wit; [3], In 1637 Cowley went up to Trinity College, Cambridge,[4] where he "betook himself with enthusiasm to the study of all kinds of learning, and early distinguished himself as a ripe scholar". In fact, he doubted (in the preface) whether the form would be understood by most of his readers, even those acquainted with the principles of poetry. As soon as two, alas, together joined,The serpent made up three. More books than SparkNotes. In spite of the troubled times, usually so fatal to poetic fame, his reputation steadily increased, and when, on his return to England in 1656, he published a volume of his collected poetical works, he found himself without a rival in public esteem. To this purpose he performed several dangerous journeys into Jersey, Scotland, Flanders, the Netherlands, or wherever else the king's troubles required his attendance. Age, 6. It was released in 1984 via Vine Records and contained 11 tracks. Cambridge, Mass. ", 'The Mistress' was the most popular poetic reading of the age, and is now the least read of all Cowley's works. I hate, and yet I love thee too; It was the last and most violent expression of the amatory affectation of the 17th century, an affectation which had been endurable in Donne and other early writers because it had been the vehicle of sincere emotion, but was unendurable in Cowley because in him it represented nothing but a perfunctory exercise, a mere exhibition of literary calisthenics. [5], All credits are adapted from the liner notes of Teach Me to Love. During his exile he met with the works of Pindar, and determined to reproduce their lofty lyric passion in English. The style is not without resemblance to that of the poet Thomas Randolph, whose earliest works had only just been printed. So the Earths face, Trees, Herbs, and Flowers do dress. In the 1970s, she left her long-time label to pursue gospel music and recorded a series of albums in that style. You might want to google a section of the text. [3], Soon after his return to England he was seized in mistake for another person, and only obtained his liberty on a bail of 1000. In the second place, he must learn the art and get the habit of thinking; for this too, no less than well speaking, depends upon much practice; and cogitation is the thing which distinguishes the solitude of a god from a wild beast. [3] However, Cowley misunderstood Pindar's metrical practice and therefore his reproduction of the Pindaric ode form in English did not accurately reflect Pindar's poetics. When they are in love with a mistress, all other persons are importunate and burdensome to them. As Light and Heat does with the Sun. Go, teach thyself more wit: Copyrighted poems are the property of the copyright holders. Although in Hymn to Light he labels light an offspring of chaos, its very beams embrace and enhance the charms and beauty of the world, while at the same time tempting the selfish and inconsiderate by shining on valuable elements. Both pieces are elegies: One mourns the death of a public official, Dudley, Lord Carleton and Viscount Dorchester, who attended Westminster School, served as secretary of state,and died in February, 1632; the other was occasioned by the death of Cowleys cousin, Richard Clerke, a student at Lincolns Inn. The Prophet By Abraham Cowley Teach me to Love? He belonged to an age principally of learning and of prose; he wrote poetry with the sustained rhetorical and emotional force that often results in greatness.Unfortunately, his meteor merely approached greatness, flaring only for a brief moment on the literary horizon. In the preface to his 1656 Poems, Cowley mentioned that he had completed three books of an epic poem on the Civil War, but had left it unfinished after the First Battle of Newbury when the Royalist cause began to lose significant ground. O vita, stulto longa, sapienti brevis! At any rate, what appeared was a rather high level of poetic juvenilia, five pieces in which both sound and sense reflected an ability far beyond the poets youth. Some of the most famous odes written after Cowley in the Pindaric tradition are Coleridge's "Ode on the Departing Year" and Wordsworth's "Ode: Intimations of Immortality". Royalist in Exile The learned quiet of the young poet's life was broken up by the Civil War; he warmly espoused the royalist side. Teach craft to Scots and thrift to Jews; Teach boldness to the stews; In tyrants' courts teach supple flattery; Teach Jesuits, that have travelled far, to lie; Teach fire to burn and winds to blow; Teach restless fountains how to flow; Abraham Cowley ( / kuli /; [1] 1618 - 28 July 1667) was an English poet and essayist born in the City of London late in 1618. Loves last and greatest prophet call. In 1647 a collection of his love verses, entitled The Mistress, was published, and in the next year a volume of wretched satires, The Four Ages of England, was brought out under his name, with the composition of which he had nothing to do. Trotter, David.The Poetry of Abraham Cowley. The time has come, he announces, to recover poetry from the devil and restore it to the kingdom of God, to rescue it from the impure waters of Damascus and baptize it in the Jordan. If it were fit to laugh at misery.But thy estate, I pity. Beauty, 4. But despite this problem, Cowley's use of iambic lines of irregular length, pattern, and rhyme scheme was very influential and these type of odes are still known in English as Pindarics, Irregular Odes or Cowleyan Odes. If anything can be salvaged from Davideis it maybe found in the preface, where the poet makes an eloquent plea for sacred poetry. The final two poems of the volume constitute the young writers first attempts at what would become, for him, an important formthe occasional poem. Two years later the child wrote another and still more ambitious poem, Constantia and Philetus, being sent about the same time to Westminster School. Teach Me to Love is a studio album by American recording artist Wanda Jackson. Unless he call in sin or vanityTo help to bear't away. That there is no Knowledge. He wrote a pastoral drama and a Latin comedy, Naufragium Ioculare (1638), when he was but 20. Ill teach him Sighs, like those in death, To the Lord Falkland. For his safe Return from the Northern Expedition against the Scots. His mother was wholly given to works of devotion, but it happened that there lay in her parlour a copy of The Faerie Queene. Cowley was a master at what Bishop Thomas Sprat termed, in 1668, harmonious artistry. He turned his back on wild and affected extravagance and embraced propriety and measure; he applied wit to matter, combined philosophy with charity and religion. He took a practical interest in experimental science, and he was one of those advocating the foundation of an academy for the protection of scientific enterprise. The "Leonora" of The Chronicle is said to have been the only woman he ever loved, and she married the brother of his biographer, Sprat. Naturally, the two poems contain extravagant praises and lofty figures, no doubt reflecting what the boy had read in his favorite, Spenser, and had been taught by his masters. 1663). It is true, it loves to have its elbows free, it detests to have company on either side, but it delights above all things in a train' behind, aye, and ushers, too, before it. But this you will say is work only for the learned, others are not capable either of the employments or the divertisements that arise from letters. That happy thing, a lover, grown, I shall not see with others' eyes, scarce with mine own. In the ode to Brutus, the poet discovers that odd events, evil men, and wretched actions are not themselves sufficient to destroy or even obscure virtue. Taaffe, James G.Abraham Cowley. Knowledge, reflection, control, clear judgment: These he carried with him from the Puritan Revolution into the Restoration and then to his own retirement. Abraham Cowley (pronounced Cooley) was born in London, the posthumous son of a wealthy London stationer. Perhaps Cowleys most important contribution to poetry came in 1656 with the publication of his extensive collection, Poems, several additions to which he made during his lifetime. Teach restless Fountains how to flow, The First Minister of State has not so much business in public as a wise man has in private; if the one have little leisure to be alone, the other has less leisure to be in company; the one has but part of the affairs of one nation, the other all the works of God and nature under his consideration. A writer from an . In the preface Cowley indicated that he had destroyed all copies of the poem, but this was not precisely the truth. It is like the punishment of parricides among the Romans, to be sewed into a bag with an ape, a dog, and a serpent.
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