a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because

a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because

In addition, the scaffold and its components must support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times its maximum intended load. A toeboard shall be erected along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet above lower levels for a distance sufficient to protect employees below, except on float (ship) scaffolds where an edging of 3/4 x 1-1/2 inch wood or equivalent may be used in lieu of toeboards; Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the . The face of the work (ex. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person.Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the . is allowed to accumulate on the platform. When the employee tried to set the third level frame into the pins of the second level, the frame he was trying to position flipped to one side. GFCIs (ground-fault circuit interrupters), Or an AEGCP (assured equipment grounding conductor program, in accordance with, Scaffolds must be designed by a qualified person, and be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design (Figure 19). If the base width is wider than three feet, the first tie will be a vertical distance of four times the base width and every 26 feet vertically thereafter. They can decide on which material to use and also the desired dimensions. [, Be specifically designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs. Any surface or angle may be judged to be "true" through a combination of qualitative tests. Scaffolds must be fully planked or decked whenever possible. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. Scaffold frames (i.e. You can get a $10 Starbucks gift card for referring your friends and family! This topic discusses supported scaffolds. Ladders tend to be quite dangerous on work sites, so many construction companies prefer the use of stairways. [, When midrails are used, they must be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. Platforms and walkways, in general, must be at least 18 inches wide. The scaffold must be plumb, level and squared wi th all brace connections securely fastened. Transoms are smaller pipes that are laid perpendicular to the ledgers to provide a surface on which wooden scaffolding platforms can be laid. [, Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. The distance between beare r s and runners shall not exceed manufacturer's re c o m-m e n d a t i o n s . That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. from the top of the sill, depending on the slope. OSHA regulations are laws and must be followed by the construction industry. Erects framework for structures. [, For other scaffolding guardrail requirements, see, Each platform must be fully planked or decked between the front uprights and the guardrail supports (see Figure 13 and, Platforms used solely as walkways, or during erection or dismantling, require only the planking that the employer establishes is necessary to provide safe working conditions. Scaffolding means a convenient platform for persons to work at height. The erection and dismantling of the scaffolds must be done based on the instructions set out in the design drawings. We are headquartered in Turlock, CA, with locations across the heart of Californias Central Valley and beyond to provide a local feel to the solutions and services we provide our clients. The scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting four times the rated load. Has vertical supports resting on a firm foundation or sills. (l) Use a tag line when hoisting materials onto a scaffold. No University employee shall erect scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet. (k) The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Proper access must be provided to access the work platform of the scaffold. (For mobile scaffolds, the maximum height of the screw jack is 12 inches.). and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. [, Nothing that could cause a slip, trip or fall (i.e. The erected scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load. As one of the fastest growing agencies in California, GDI Insurance Agency, Inc. is able to provide its clients with the latest and greatest of what the insurance industry has to offer and much, much more. The other five workers were hospitalized with electrical burns. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb (i.e. [, Not be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches in length, unless each affected employee uses appropriate fall protection. scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, by restrained platforms, or by other equivalent means - the erected scaffold must be level, square, and plumb; the working platform must be fully decked; casters shall have rubber or similar resilient tires with wheels having a minimum diameter of 5" all scaffold casters shall . Scaffolding shall be designed by a qualified and competent . OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: When an employer has reason to believe . [, Uniform riser height, within -inch, for each flight of stairs. . The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. (True or False) _____ 3. Critical to scaffolding safety are the use of competent persons for the design, erection/dismantling, and maintenance of scaffolds, and trained workers for their use. (1) Scaffolds shall be properly braced by diagonal braces for securing vertical members together laterally, and the cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. The scaffold was not secured to wooden footing supports, nor was it tied to the building. Ladder Jack Scaffold. [, Be positioned so that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level, [, Have rest platforms at maximum vertical intervals of 12 feet, [, Have a minimum step width of 16 inches, except for mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders, which shall have a minimum step width of 11 inches [, Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. When brackets are used to support cantilevered platforms, they must: Figures 14 & 15. [. [, OSHA standards specifically forbid climbing cross-braces as a means of access. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. Use this training tool to review the safety requirements for a frame scaffold, in the following phases: It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. The employer must provide suitable access to and between scaffolds, such as portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders and stairway-type ladders. (Figure 4) [, Scaffolds shall be altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person. The legs, poles, frames, and uprights must bear on base plates and mud sills. Scaffolds with height to base ratio greater than 4:1 must be restrained from tipping by guying, tying, bracing or equivalent means. The number one scaffold hazard is worker falls. . shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. [, A stair rail consisting of a toprail and a midrail on each side of the stairway. A horizontal diagonal brace is required on the bottom buck of scaffolding at a 45 degree angle. Is erected plumb and level. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. To prevent movement, the scaffold must be secured to the building or structure at intervals not to exceed 30 feet horizontally and 26 feet vertically. Design features include a rest platform every 35 feet, rungs at least 11 1/2 inches wide (8 inches for ladders built into the frame), and uniform rung spacing not exceeding 16 3/4 inches. [. [, Scaffolds over 125 feet (38.0m) in height above their base plates shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. Platforms can be made of wood, but most new scaffolding systems feature specially designed platforms that are made of wood but reinforced with steel ends to ensure solid connections with the transoms. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. [, Sufficient handhold on handrails, and toprails serving as handrails, for employees grasping them to avoid falling. Step 2. Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Requirements to prevent falls that apply only to these workers are addressed separately below. [, Unstable objects may not be used to support scaffolds or platform units (, Front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. Heavy-duty scaffolds can support 75 pounds per square foot. A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to contain the objects. The two measurements should be equal. One must also consider all the necessary components and hardware needed in order to have the safest most accessible construction work platform. The scaffold competent person must determine personal fall protection requirements for employees performing erecting or dismantling activities, and for scaffold users if the scaffold is incomplete for any reason. They may be made of solid material or mesh with openings no greater than 1 inch. Duty level of scaffold is based on the chart below. NOTE: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds as well as the specialty scaffolds described in the Supported Scaffolds module. Guardrails must be installed on scaffolding over 10'. [, Scaffolds are to be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision of a competent person qualified in such activities. Changes in the types of scaffolds, fall protection, falling object protection, or other equipment present a hazard for which an employee has not previously been trained. The base and mud sill must provide a solid surface for the feet to sit upon so that the scaffold doesn't sink, move, settle, or shift. Specific requirements are described below. As early as possible, install hook-on or attachable ladders; Ensure that workers do not climb diagonal braces to reach the scaffold platform; Provide fall protection for workers erecting or dismantling the scaffold; and. All brace connections shall be . In Asia, bamboo is used as a construction material. 3. PLUMB/LEVEL/SQUARE. Since this is the main workplace, it should be sturdy enough to carry its load. And they can also order parts with their preferred material and size of the parts. He fell approximately 12 feet to a concrete dock. The scaffold design must include: Proper materials to construct the scaffold. Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. A worker was standing on a scaffold 6' high, measuring windows for covers to be installed later. Supported scaffold poles, frames and uprights must be plumb and braced to prevent any displacement caused by swaying. Construction and loading must comply with engineered designs and manufacturers requirements. [, Employees must be able to safely access any level of a scaffold that is 2 feet above or below an access point. [, Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals must not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component below OSHA standards. Improper Access Leads to Serious Injuries. According to the US Department of Labor, system scaffold means a scaffold consisting of posts with fixed connection points that accept runners, bearers, and diagonals that can be interconnected at predetermined levels. Personal Fall Arrest System. Training shall include [. We need to follow scaffolding safety procedures. [, Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers must not be intermixed, unless they fit together without being forced and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Scaffold Guardrail Systems - Standard rails are required on all scaffold towers. This is one more reason for always using fall protection. Standards are vertical pipes that are connected with clamps or couplers to give the structure its height; ledgers are horizontal braces that steady the structure and give it width. Avoid propping the scaffolding frames up on the side of the bed. Even if they are "in the way," braces should not be removed while work is being performed on a scaffold! Our goal is to achieve long-term relationships focused on bringing value to your risk management and insurance programs. Toeboards being installed along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet above lower levels. Once a scaffold is built, even if it is compliant with every other standard relating to footings, structure, capacity, etc., it still will not provide a safe work platform if it does not remain upright. [, If a ramp or walkway has a slope of more than 1:8, it must have cleats securely fastened to the planks not more than 14 inches apart, to provide footing. (www.scaffoldframe.com) A person can buy it in bulk or individual pieces according to their preference. Find out more here or call us at 209-634-2929! Except when used only as a walkway, the platform is the work area of the scaffold. [, Employees performing overhand bricklaying operations from a supported scaffold must be protected from falling from all open sides and ends of the scaffold, except at the side next to the wall being laid. All diagonal . System Scaffolding. (Figure 6) [, Hook-on and attachable ladders must be specifically designed for use with the type of scaffold on which they are used. Such a scaffold can be set up on either side of the building, and offers a great level of flexibility. Erect plumb, square and rigid with all brace connections securely fastened. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. [, Scaffold platforms and walkways must be at least 18 inches wide, unless they are used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that they must be less than 18 inches wide. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. The top edge height of toprails on supported scaffolds must be between 36 inches and 45 inches. Light-duty scaffolds can support 25 pounds per square foot. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. Where platforms overlap to create a running scaffold, the overlap must occur only over a support and shall not be less than 12 inches unless nailed together. Workers are most vulnerable to fall hazards when climbing on or off a scaffold. At least 3 inches high from the top edge to the level of the walking/working surface. The ends of each platform must be cleated or restrained by hooks (or equivalent) to prevent accidental displacement, or must extend at least 6 inches over the centerline of the support. If uplift could cause the components to separate, locking pins must be used and the components secured. Workers building scaffolds risk serious injury from falls and tip-overs, being struck by falling tools and other hazards and electrocution from energized power lines. As they were lifting the scaffold, the top section partially separated from the adjoining section, toppled over, and contacted a power line. Most screw jacks will have a built-in stop so that the maximum height cannot be exceeded. All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. Do not force frames or braces to fit - level the scaffold until proper fit can easily be made. Point loading, or concentrating too much of the load in one area. Uplift is the separation of a frame from the frame below it. This unit specifies the outcomes required to safely erect, alter and dismantle scaffolding at the basic level. We pride ourselves on exceeding our clients expectations in every interaction to make sure that our clients know how much we value and appreciate their business. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. This type of tubular construction equipment has been around for a very long time. The correct procedures for dealing with those hazards. Pumpjack scaffolds are for light duty only. Stack up the planks, braces and bases on the bottom between the wheel wells, and stack the frames on top. Only trained and authorized persons should be allowed to use a scaffold. [, As frames are stacked, cross braces must be of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. 1926.454 Clamps are joints that connect tubular pipes together; some couplers are designed for specific purposes, such as connecting standards and ledgers. Such retraining is required in at least the following situations [. 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. Employers are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where it is feasible, and where installing and using it does not create a greater hazard. Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. [, Fall protection consists of either personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements. rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. A tube and coupler scaffold has a platform(s) supported by tubing, and is erected with coupling devices connecting uprights, braces, bearers and runners. The focus of this position will be to construct, erect, install, and repair structures and fixtures of wood, plywood, and wallboard, using carpenter's hand tools and power tools, conforming to . [, A distance of no less than 28 inches and no more than 37 inches from the upper surface of the stair rail to the forward edge of the tread, in line with the face of the riser. Tip: One way to ensure a stable foundation, when a sill is used, is to secure it to the baseplate (Figure 2). Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(1)], Scaffolds may not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed for that purpose by a registered professional engineer, or in the case of mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 29 CFR 1926.452(w) are followed. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay of the scaffold, because every degree that the scaffold is off level will be magnified as the scaffold is raised in height. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. Not tied. [, Do not load the scaffold or any component parts beyond their maximum capacity (their own weight and 4:1 the maximum intended load). . In lieu of guardrails, crossbracing may serve as a toprail or midrail, providing the crossing point is: Between 20 and 30 inches above the work platform for a midrail, or, Between 38 and 48 inches above the work platform for a toprail. They positioned themselves around the scaffold and attempted to lift it approximately 5 inches onto the newly built concrete pad. Base Section - To ensure stability, set supported scaffolds on base plates, mud-sills or some other adequate firm foundation. CALL US AT 877-997-2233. Stability and durability are the key components for the scaffold towers to be safe. d. Scaffold legs shall be set on adjustable bases or plain bases placed on mud sills or other foundations adequate to support the maximum intended load. B.13 Scaffolds (other than suspended scaffolds) shall bear on . Footing. Install the deck, which may be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or scaffold planks. Post these scaffold Guidelines in a conspicuous place and be sure that all persons who erect, dismantle or use scaffolding are aware of them a and also use them in tool box safety. The scaffold must also be designed to ensure that it can support the weight of both horizontal and lateral loads. And frames that stick out past the side of the bed can be . "Footings shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement." 1926.451 (c) (2) (i) Although not an issue in this photo, this means that if the . All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. Tip: A level may be used frequently during assembly to guarantee that new structural components remain in line. Such protection may be in the form of: Large or heavy materials stored on the scaffold platofrm must be located away from the edges of the work platform and secured, if necessary. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. Install guys, ties and braces according to the manufacturers recommendations. The space between the last plank and the uprights cannot exceed 9 1/2 inches. Once erected, provide toeboards on all railed sides to prevent falling object hazards. decking, planks) must not be painted to hide defects. The maximum extension for a screw jack is 18 inches high. Is secured to prevent lateral movement. Guys, ties, and braces must be installed at locations where horizontal scaffold components support both inner and outer legs. Some people would like their own customized scaffold towers. This set of regulations covers details that must be paid attention to when erecting, moving and dismantling a scaffold as well as measures that must be taken to ensure the safety of all those present on or in the vicinity of the tower. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. e. Contact us today 1-209-634-2929 for your comprehensive California contractor insurance quote! Scaffolding is naturally unstable because it is usually a tall structure with a narrow base. Scaffold components cannot be mixed if they are from different manufacturers unless they fit together without force. Scaffolds and scaffold components must be capable of supporting, without failure, their own weight and at least 4 times their maximum intended load. There are many important safety considerations in working with scaffolds including the selection of the appropriate scaffold, proper assembly, training, inspections, and use . Learn how your comment data is processed. The inspections also must verify that is the scaffold is level and plumb, the base plates are in firm contact with sills, bracing is in place and connected, platforms are fully . Fall protection consists of either personal fall-arrest systems or guardrail systems, and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Platform/decking planks may be made of solid sawn wood, manufactured wood, manufactured steel, or manufactured aluminum. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. Install the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. Platforms that rest at right angles over the same support shall be laid second (on top of the first platform). The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. The objective is to reduce the tripping hazard by having the ends of the top layer of planks form a straight line, rather than a saw-toothed edge, which increases tripping hazards. Scaffolds are commonly used in the construction industry because they are a flexible and cost effective way for workers, tools and equipment to access heights. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces. This will have an impact on what components you will need as well as how many of each component will be necessary to complete your tasks. Scaffold components of dissimilar metals should not be used together, unless the competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component. Personal Fall Arrest System. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. Click here to learn more about Scaffolding Regulations. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Employee is Pulled off Scaffold, Suffers Injuries. Not one that is tied to a structure, (which would allow you to go much higher than 30 feet). [, When moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform must be left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced. You will need many of each component for larger structures. The main components are scaffolding tubes, scaffold clamps, and base plates. [. Scaffold tower can be erected in all shapes and sizes. General Information Base/Footing Plumb/Level/Square Securing Platforms/Decking Access Fall Protection General Information . Something that is "plumb" runs perpendicular to the horizonmeaning that when it intersects the horizon, it makes a right (90 degree) angle. the side of a building) basically serves as the fall protection system. Chicken Ladder. Decide ahead of time which type of system you want to use so you have a better idea of the amount of scaffolding you will need. This will determine how many of each component you will need. General Guidelines. He fell 16 feet to the ground, sustaining facial fractures and other injuries. [, A space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects. Float Scaffold. The hazards of type of scaffold being used. [, Guardrail systems must be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms, and must be in place before the scaffold is released for use by employees other than erection/dismantling crews. [, Scaffold platforms must be able to support their own weight, plus four times the maximum intended load. [, Each toprail or equivalent member of a guardrail system must be able to withstand a force of at least 200 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along its top edge. To counteract this, the scaffold must be braced or tied off to a stable structure such as a structural steel. Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system (not for each flight of stairs). Make sure the scaffold is stable. It is strong, dependable, and is relatively low in cost. Crawling Board. Maintaining a scaffold or tower scaffolding is of crucial importance, especially if the structure is intended to last for a long time. Use footings that are level, sound, rigid and capable of supporting the load without settlement or displacement. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. Scaffolds are generally rated as light, medium or heavy duty and must be able to support the correlating weight of workers and materials required for each type. Insufficient length. Correct procedures for erecting, disassembling, etc. Faults: Damaged. Able to withstand a force of at least 50 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the toeboard. e) must be made of pipe E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be erected plumb and _____. This will have an impact on what components you will need as well as how many of each component will be necessary to complete your tasks. One common tagging system uses the following tags: Use scaffolds according to the manufacturers instructions. USA (v. 2008) 22 Tubular Welded-frame Scaffolds. The entire platform is attached to the fork. Do not force frames or braces to fitlevel the scaffold until proper fit can easily be made.

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