dholavira is found in
Buses that leaves Bhuj at 14.00, reach Dholavira by 20.30. Dholavira Tourism Resort. * One of the unique features of Dholavira is the sophisticated water conservation system of channels and reservoirs, the earliest found anywhere in the world and completely built out of stone; three can be seen here. This paper proposes a new interpretation for the previously unsolved puzzle of the Dholavira sign board. Pariśasa or Śapha are a pair of tongs for raising the Gharma – the heated pot from the fire, used in the fire ritual called Pravargya. Offerings varied depending on the Iṣṭadevata they chose – Rudra, Indra, Varuna, agricultural deities etc. From Bhuj, Dholavira is 250 Kilometers and people have to reach there only via the roadway. The square altar of Ahavaniya is indicated but interestingly the semi-circular altar called Dakshinagni where oblations are made to the dead pitrus is not indicated. Samasta homa is another ritual where Catuṣpatha is used. In 1920s, the Archaeological Department of India carried out excavations in the Indus valley wherein the ruins of the two old cities, viz. All other Harappan towns were divided into two parts- Citadel and the Lower Town, but Dholavira was divided into three principal divisions- the … Its large size and public nature make it a key piece of evidence cited by scholars who opine that the Indus symbols represents a different type of communication. The symbols say a lot about all the rituals that were in vogue during Vedic and post Vedic periods. This village is 165 km (103 mi) from Radhanpur. Since the crippled man moved slowly, he was called sanaichara as Sanai meant moving slowly in Sanskrit. But do you know about the oldest town of human civilization where black magic found its root from? All arrangements and supply of ingredients could be done through agents . An ancient stepwell has reportedly been found in Dholavira, one of the largest cities of the Indus Valley Civilization. All oblations were offered to Agni- the fire in the sacred fire altars, who was revered as the celestial priest carrying oblations to the Gods in the heaven. Location and Area: In the westernmost Indian state of Gujarat, Dholavira is located at 23°53′10″N 70°13′0″E. It has been assumed that the water was also used in irrigation and to fight the droughts. Similarly, many domestic rituals like full moon-new moon rituals were also complicated, involving procedures. Dholavira (Gujarati: ધોળાવીરા) is an archaeological site at Khadirbet in Bhachau Taluka of Kutch District, in the state of Gujarat in western India, which has taken its name from a modern-day village 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of it. d) Harappa. The symbol on the board communicates the availability of special wood sticks for various rituals . One of the excavated structures was designed in the form of a … In snake worship rituals of Shravani or sarpabali, offering of food to Rudra is offered in Catuṣpatha for taking care of cattle from snake bites. (see Figure 4). The seal picture also depicts two Gārhapatya altars to communicate how punaradheya must be performed before the commencement of Soma yajna if Gārhapatya is not maintained. The original Āhavanīya is then called Gārhapatya. (see the third picture of Indus seal in Fig 7). Daśāpavitra is the fringed woolen filter, held over Drōnakalaśa (bucket shaped container) for filtering or purifying Soma. One of the Indus seals depicts two Gārhapatya symbols together suggesting Punarādheya. Tourists during their Gujarat tour shouldn’t miss out this archeological place of interest. Dholavira is the name of the village at Khadir bet, Bhachau Taluka, Great Rann of Kutch of Gujarat. Lothal (IPA: [loˑt̪ʰəl]) was one of the southernmost cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, located in the Bhāl region of the modern state of Gujarāt.Construction of the city began around 2200 BCE. The size of symbols of the signboard are comparable to large bricks that were used in nearby walls. Another four-sign inscription with big size letters on a sand stone was also found at this site, considered first of such inscription on sand stone at any of the Harappan sites. b) Khandia. The symbols resemble the objects that are still in use during yajna rituals and picture of such objects is a proof of the fact that the rituals are a continuum until this date. Here fresh water was available and the soil was very fertile. A sacrificer, after their Dikṣā initiation contacted the attendant anuchara of gramya ganaka accountant to fix the different priests through Madhuparka ceremony, and supplied the materials that were required by the sacrificer. This village is 165 km (103 mi) from Radhanpur. Located in the Khadir Bet Island in Kutch district of Gujarat, Dholavira is one of the five most important sites of the Harapan civilization found across the Indian subcontinent. In the shed of yajna shala the circular Gārhapatya is placed to the West of vedi (an elevated or excavated plot of ground where the middle points come closer, see Figure 3) . Interestingly, Khadir is just a monsoon island. One Aratni = twenty-four inches. Daśā is fringes,cloth. Dholavira is the excavated site in Kutch that calls for our attention. It is interesting to understand why sign boards were in vogue during Indus civilization, as far back as 3500 years when the script of language did not exist. Within the circular site – six stones are laid, which is depicted in the symbol of Gārhapatya. In addition to this some other antiquities found here were graduated scale made or a charred rib bon of an animal, a number of seal and sealing, beads of semi-precious stones. The significance of all three are discussed as it is also repeated extensively in the Indus seals. Dholavira is located on Khadir Beyt, an island in the Great Rann of Kutch in Gujarat in India. Chapter 30 of Yajurveda provides details about the governing the country and the ways of maintaining of law and order. The study of the nature of symbols have been correlated by the author to be related to the yajna rituals. d) Manda. Figure 4: Garhapatya altar in Indus seals. Performing homa, offering oblations and protecting altars with ghee and fuel of specific wood contributed to health, increased happiness and added to the wealth of the world (Ref. The resort offers a perfect blend of hisory, nature and along with the comfort of modern amenities. The saline soil represents amnion and sand is viewed as the seed, (sand also does not burn away the amnion by sun’s heat). One of the most interesting and significant discoveries at Dholavira is the billboard found in the northern gateway of … When Gārhapatya is abandoned or discontinued due to calamities or accident, it is called Prājahita. The circular space of Gārhapatya is strewn with saline soil and sand layer on it. According to Yajurveda, the total numbers of Yajña types were over four-hundred, and the Indus civilization had many tribes. This paper is focused on what the 10 symbols of Dholavira sign board communicate. Each symbol has a distinct data about yajna and the order of symbols is not significant. Dholavira is one of the two largest Harappan sites in India, and 5th largest in the subcontinent. In homa, the fire from this is drawn to light the other two sacrificial fires called Āhavanīya and Dakṣiṇāgni. It is named after a modern-day village 1 Kilometer south of it. Production of fire was like invoking deity Agni and could be done only through elaborate rituals along with the recitation of Vedic hymns. The Soma sticks, which were sourced from the Mujavant mountainous regions, were very expensive and equated to the cost of gold. While laying the bricks, the priest follows the movement of the sun. Also known locally as Kotada timba, the site contains ruins of an ancient Indus Valley Civilization/Harappan city. Answer : (a) Question 24 : The largest Harappan site discovered in Gujrat is a) Dholavira. It is made of Palāśa or Khadira wood or twigs, which varies according to the rituals. Delhi Riots – Time for Hindus to come out of their complacency, Dravidian Terrorism- Naked Truth in a Nutshell, The Brilliant Cooperation Between Radical And Moderate Muslims, The Genocide That was Never Told: New Book documents suffering of Bangla Hindus. Let us introduce you all to an ancient citadel with dry wells and eccentric scripts- Dholavira! The structure of symbols is an exact replica of the objects used in rituals. Of those, two are connected from north to center diagonally forming the arms, and the other two are connected from south to center diagonally forming the thighs. The ancient people also used the metallic and clay potteries as well as knew the artwork of terracotta. Urban architecture and the antiquities:As it is known that Harappa was a planned city and it can be best known from the unearthed urban architecture and the reminiscence of their antiquities that have been excavated collected from the soils. [5] Having a circular plan, these were big hemispherical elevated mud brick constructions. Dholavira is a large archaeological site of the ancient Indus valley civilization, situated in the Kutch district of Gujarat in Western India. Gārhapatya is one of the three sacred fires perpetually maintained by house holder which he receives from his father and transmits to his descendants. were required for immolation. The governing society had also insisted every Yajamāna of the house to execute Yajña meticulously and non-performers were considered as beasts. Mohenjodaro and Harappawere unearthed. The significance of 262 Indus symbol has been listed in the book “The Dictionary of Indus Symbols”. The site is located near the village of Dholavira (from where it received its name), in the Kutch District of the Indian state of Gujarat. Yupa sacrificial posts were to be chiseled from trees and varieties of containers of both mud and wood varieties were to be made afresh before yajnas. Dholavira’s location is on the Tropic of Cancer. Punarādheya is indicated by a set of two symbols of Gārhapatya. In the post-independence era, the Kotla Nihang Khan located in the District Ropar in Punjab and Rangpur, in the District of Surendranagar in Gujarat were the few significant Harappan sites that were left in India after the partition. One of the most interesting and significant discoveries at Dholavira is the billboard found in the northern gateway of the city and is often called the “ … From the research and excavation by the Archeological Survey of India (A.S.I), it is known that once Dholavira was an important center of commerce and a major trading zone in the present day Gujarat, Sindh, Punjab as well as the Middle East. These six stones represent the Agnipuruṣa lying on his back with head towards east, two bricks running south to north as belly and head at the center; four stones indicate the four appendages of arms and legs of the body. Āhavanīya, the square shaped altar, one of the three sacred fire altars. Still from the reminiscences of the sun-dried bricks and stone masonry, the skills of the builders during the Harappan age can be estimated. India > Gujarat > Dholavira, Indus Valley City. Travelers to Gujarat nowadays take great interest to explore the archeological site of Dholavira whenever they are exploring the Great Rann of Kutch area. Samidh sticks (firewood of specific trees – this required approval of a supervisor who was responsible for the maintenance of the forest – Vanaya or Vanapan). The symbol which is circular in shape with 6 spokes has been identified as one of the sacred altars “Gārhapatya”. It probably displayed an information like “contact us for the rituals” through inscribing symbols which was the mode of communication during that period. The symbol of a single stroke represents a single oblation of wood offered to deity Prajāpati who is the creator of all beings. Dholavira is a large archaeological site of the ancient Indus valley civilization, situated in the Kutch district of Gujarat in Western India. D.G. Known as a remarkable excavation site during the Indus Valley Civilization, Dholavira was one of the most developed cities roughly 4500 years ago. It is for this reason the symbols were in bold font of 15 inches in size, displayed on a wooden board to attract the attention of common people and could be seen from a distance. The third symbol of the board Daśāpavitra, a filter used to filter soma juice indicates about the undertaking of special objects required for soma Yajñas. The size of letters being big that could be viewed from a distance, and the width of the board matching with the width of northern gateway of the Dholavira citadel, it is conjectured to be a sign board. a) Dholavira. One ditch carries milk or payasa and the other carries sacred water (Purified with Pavitra grass). It is said that for a short time the place was abandoned by some unknown reasons but, later on, it was again occupied until c.1450 BCE. Figure 1: Picture of the sign board as found in Dholavira. The empty one represents the abandoned altar while the other one shows ritual activity. Making of the wooden vessels and ladles of specific wood, earthen utensils and ingredients for varieties of offerings, was tough for civilians and hence these were arranged to be disposed for purchase in corporate departments through agents. The expenditure had to be sponsored by the performer and the priests who performed yajna were to be arranged much in advance. The symbol on board hints about the elaborate preparations of Darśa Pūrnamāsa rituals (related to the full moon, new moon rituals), where all four categories of priests were required. The discarded or the original Gārhapatya in the altar is called Prājahita. First, the area of altar area is cleaned and sprinkled with Prokśani water. This land gets surrounded by sea in the monsoons and later only white sand remains for the rest of … The site is located in the Kutch District of Gujarat State of India. The city of Dholavira was located on Khadir Beyt in the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat. Animals like goat, sheep, antelopes, etc. Fire was conceived as deity Agni in Vedic period, who resided in every house in altars. Dholavira archaeological site is located on a small island called Khadir Bet Island in Kutch. These were used for storing freshwater brought by rains or … It was only after the Dikṣā the sacrificer contacted the agent anuchara for procuring the materials required to perform the Yajña. Tourists during their Gujarat tour shouldn’t miss out this archeological place of interest. The performance of a Yajña involved the purchase of many ingredients such as: The accountant of the village affairs Gramanya Ganaka kept in account of all purchases. The symbol is indicated in many seals may represent the performing Pravargya fire ritual was mandatory and to be performed as a minor ritual before the commencement of big scale soma yajna. The Dholavira board lacks clarity with the 6th symbol. Dholavira is one of the two largest Harappan sites in India, and 5th largest in the Indian subcontinent. Like Lothal, it passed through all the stages of the Harappan culture from circa 2900 BC to 1500 BC, while most others saw only the early or late stages. Again on the next morning, the buses start from Dholavira and reaches Bhuj around 11.30 am. By Road: Buses and rental cars are available from Bhuj and other places from Gujarat that take the travelers to Dholavira. Each part was surrounded with massive stone walls, with entrances through gateways. of A.S.I. Indus seals are with different types of strokes in varying numbers as symbols. c) Kalibangan. The 250-acre area of Dholavira sprawls across the Khadir island o… The symbol of Gārhapatya can be seen in many Indus seals. Some of the symbols displayed in bigger form on the board are inscribed on the small seals also and exhibit an astonishing amount of standardization in the representation of the symbols. A unique feature of Dholavira is the presence of a 14-18 meters thick wall, apparently built as a protective measure. The hearth is kindled in yajnashala by fire brought from Gārhapatya and the Homa is performed in it. The physically disabled people who moved slowly were also not neglected by the society and given a suitable job as Anuchara. Some aspects of how the civilians could procure the required objects from the supervising organizers are listed in Yajurveda. This paper proposes a new interpretation for the previously unsolved puzzle of the Dholavira sign board. The technique of rainwater harvesting was the unique feature of Dholavira which rarely found from any other site. Dholavira is one of the five largest Harappan sites. The freshly crushed juice of soma is filtered in this as purifying act. The purchase of Soma sticks was in bulk and was bought for exchange of animal or gold. The picture of Figure10 of a yajna depicts the two circular Gārhapatya altars which hints the reinstallation of new Gārhapatya altar before the commencement of yajna. Each sign is about 37 cm (15 in) high and the board on which letters were inscribed was about 3 m (9.8 ft) long. The proof of the mandatory rules of performing yajnas is in Yajurveda Ch 28.23and 24 says how homa should be performed for removal of diseases and how the Gayatri verse, the protection of Vedic speech, it’s longevity and understanding of essence of knowledge were preserved and promoted by performing Yajnas. Other objects found at Dholavira include terracotta pottery, beads, gold and copper ornaments, seals, fish hooks, animal figurines, tools, urns, and some imported vessels that indicate trade links with lands as far away as Mesopotamia are kept in the museum situated nearby. An insight into Vedas reveal that people performed yajnas to appease deities and the recurrent request was for rains. Punarādheya is the reinstallation of fires that takes place under certain contingencies such as illness, death of the Yajamāna, loss of wealth, and at a desire for prosperity. Dholavira is an archeological site at Khadirbet in Bhachau Taluka of Kutch District, Gujarat, India. The signboard is the display of a place where anuchara could be contacted for the arrangements and performance of the above-mentioned rituals. “The Yajur Veda”, Translated by Devi Chand Ch 28.12). In Tṛyambaka homa an offering is made to Rudra on a Palāśa leaf and is placed on cross roads. The condensed milk preparation was offered at the cross road by the Ṛṣis. Idhma means wood sticks used for kindling fire, offered along with Sāmidheni verses recited at the time of kindling sacred fire. It is the largest site in Gujarat region. Its symbolized form in seals and in the Dholavira board is circular form with six divisions corresponding with six seasons of the year. They had faith in deity Indra who would cut the clouds with his weapon and bring copious rain. Crossroads is the dwelling place for spirits, and usually Mantra / Bali are offered, or light is lit. This area is then enclosed like the womb on all sides by enclosing stones. The post dusk celebration includes the poking of Āhavanīya in four directions with sacred grass and the central part being undisturbed to drive away evil spirits. Tourists have to get a car from there to reach the site. The water reservoir system:The water reservoir system that has been dug out from the ancient remains has awestruck the archeologists. Per sources, the site of Dholavira is the second largest among the rest of the other Harappan sites in India and the fifth largest in the whole of the Indian subcontinent among other significant sites like- Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Rakhigarhi, Lothal, Rupanagar and Ganeriwala. The advanced civilization also implemented the use of seals, beads, gold and silver ornaments, and bronze utensils as well as other decorative items including ornaments. The symbols of both Gārhapatya and Ahavaniya presented together in the board indicates whom or where to contact agents if one must know about the constructional aspects as well as the arrangement of priests and the various ingredients required for this. Daśāpavitra- the filter used in soma yajna. By Railway: Bhuj Railway Station is the closest railway station. 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