which composers had syphilis
Schubert died in his brother's apartment on November 19, 1828. Hailing from Culpepper, Virginia, when the state seceded, his allegiances lay with the newly-formed Confederate States of America. He was placed in an asylum where he experienced manic episodes, visions, and paranoia. April 2, 2014. Cerebral meningitis can be caused by syphilis because syphilis causes deterioration in the brain. Although young when he killed Lincoln, Booths career was almost over. Benjamin Britten. Puccini - ' Turandot '. Felix Mendelssohn. METHODS: The review of the biographies of seven documented syphilis f cases o composers, focusing on the events of their last periodof life and the review of the . By mid-January, 1917, he had to be hospitalized, and was soon transferred to a mental institution where he died on April 1, 1917. These infections can cause a wide range of symptoms. During his six-year prison term, the treatments that he received were painful injections straight through his penis, which probably did little to alleviate the disease and exacerbated his contempt of the American justice system. 1. Genetic studies indicate the disease originated in South America. One of these final compositions, an unusual piece known as Theme and Variation in E-flat Major, "Ghost Variations," is explored in this context. 2004;121(3):501-13. The composer's ultimate demise, Worthen says, was caused by the effects of syphilis, a disease that rots the mind if left untreated. January 3, 2018. Sign up for our weekly newsletter and get them delivered straight to your inbox. I dont see how saying someone caught an STD or indeed suffered from alcoholism is maligning them.. Its certainly maligning them if they didnt have an STD or alcoholism. Franz Schubert Biography, by Biography.com editors. 1. Who wrote over 100 symphonies, was once expelled for cutting off another student's hair, taught Beethoven, strongly influenced Wolfgang Mozart, and was often known as 'Papa'? I, like many others, would consider is a libellous slur. Before Christopher Columbus arrived in the New World, syphilis was a disease indigenous only to the western hemisphere. He was one of the leading gures responsible cornet player10. During the second stage (roughly three weeks to three months after the first symptoms . Schubert, Donizetti, Schumann, Smetana, Wolf, Joplin, Deliusall were likely victims of syphilis. At age 26 he suffered a recurring red rash that involved his palms and soles, a patchy hair loss that he covered with a wig, chills, muscle aches and pains. In middle age, suffering the effects of tertiary . Henry VIII. For many people, great composers are not allowed to be human, and thus they go through their bed linen and cupboard, sniffing for proof of human flaws, which are then projected on the scale of the greatness of their works. The Italians . April 2, 2014. By 1814, the young . As a first step we encourage you to take membership at US$79/59 a year, or $165/125 for three years. Syphilis in german-speaking composers - 'examination results are confidential'. However, the composer was known to associate with prostitutes, and propagators of the theory often claim that the disease is what caused him to become deaf. Theres certainly no question that Ivan had ample opportunity to contract syphilis. The idea comes from Shakespeares own handwriting. Although there were many different treatments, the Europeans of those times had no real cure. Some historians believe that Hitler was suffering from an advanced form of syphilis toward the end of his regime. In the 1880s, van Gogh left his childhood home and went to the city of Antwerp in Belgium where he engaged in a libertine lifestyle. Best known work: Levy is best known for blending . Marfan syndrome, (described in 1896) as well as in tertiary syphilis. Scroll down to the bottom for the answer key. Some of the side effects of mercury are psychological changes and the tremors that Shakespeare developed. and transmitted securely. But why would Ivans physicians have given him mercury in the first place? Syphilis in 19th Century Composers 31. Possibly the greatest evidence that Lincoln had syphilis was his wifes manifestation of the symptoms. Congress/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain. However, babies born with syphilis can also be born too early, may die in . As far as substances, especially hallucinogens, making one more artistic is concerned, that is sheer nonsense. I thought Bach died of complications from eye surgery. Modest Mussorgsky was a civil servant as well as a . Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Reginald Turner, Wildes only friend who remained with him during the last weeks before his death, had this to say about Wildes illness: [The disease] was only shortly before his death diagnosed as a tertiary symptom of an infection he had contracted when he was 20.. He is also credited with writing the Book of Satan. Charles-Henri Valentin Alkan. Of course, mercury poisoning could have also actually caused many of Ivan the Terribles psychological symptoms, rather than the other way around. However many do not reach the point where too much of the brain is destroyed and always stay functional, although seldom at the level of functioning the person would have had he/she not had the heavy substance abuse. Even though William Shakespeare is one of the most famous writers in history, his life remains a mystery to this day. Franz Schubert, the classical composer, showed an early aptitude for music, including a prodigious talent for the piano and voice. Although Christopher Columbus is generally credited with discovering America, at least one of his other discoveries was less than noble. Historical Figures You Wont Believe Had STDs Bro Bible. Ironically, his final performance brought in enough money for him to finally buy a piano. Benjamin J. Falk/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain. However, much to their chagrin, Barrymore found his calling in the theater and began what would become a family dynasty. Whether Beethoven actually had syphilis has been debated for decades. Because of Mann's Doktor Faustus, Schoenberg felt compelled to vehemently deny this: "Marta Feuchtwanger recalled an encounter with the composer in the produce section of a Brentwood supermarket in which he shouted, 'Lies, Frau Marta, lies! Toward the end of his life, Hitler became increasingly erratic and detached from reality. He was admitted to Vienna General Hospital and was most likely . Vivier was 34 when he was fatally stabbed in his apartment by a male prostitute he met in a bar. The women employed in the brothels were invariably poor, ultimately sickly, and despised as vectors of illness, their children bastards unlikely to survive infancy. If Booth did indeed kill Lincoln because of mental illness caused by syphilis, imagine how different history would have been if he had never caught the disease. While Ivan the Terrible was a relatively sane and just ruler at the beginning of his reign in Russia, he became increasingly insane and cruel in his later years. Though Toulouse-Lautrec depicted sex workers in a way that was factual rather than erotic, he was known for his own lifestyle of debauchery. He was killed in a firefight with FBI officers. Nietzsche himself was still alive, although he had long since gone insane (likely as a result of tertiary syphilis). In 2000, syphilis rates were so low that public health officials believed eradication was on the horizon. Answer (1 of 5): My God of music - Ludwig van Beethoven most probably had inherited syphilis. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. MeSH Thereafter, the disease spread all over Europe and, in the 18th and 19th centuries, many artists became victims of syphilis, among them poets, painters, philosophers, and . Christopher Columbus Probably Imported Syphilis From The New World. Please turn off your phone, and applaud between threads, not individual posts. 2 - Hitler Despite physicians best efforts, nothing could stop the deadly spread of syphilis throughout the continent. History.com. By 1945 almost 400,000 people had undergone forced sterilization. Sibelius was quite an alcoholic. Encyclopedia Britannica. Scott Joplin, the king of ragtime, was a composer who specialized in the jazz-like form that is characterized by syncopation, complex bass lines, and seemingly awkward stop times. He is actually the great-grandfather of actress Drew Barrymore. Rossini showed early talent as a composer, and in 1810, at 18, he had his first hit with the one-act farce "La Cambiale di Matrimonio." As would be the case with many of his operas, the . Unfortunately for Charles, almost every other kingdom in Italy opposed his leadership. Biography.com. Schubert worked as a schoolmaster for the next four years. Scott Joplin Had Syphilis. November 21, 2002. As the ruler of Russia, he may have had sexual dalliances with a woman or women carrying the disease. What is the moral of the story? Privacy Policy During his childhood, he was known to suffer bouts of depression, nervousness, and depression, some of which may have been hereditary. At his death, Mozart had a high fever, immobility, swellings of his limbs, and vomiting, but his two doctors may well have finished him off with blood-letting, a common and commonly fatal 18th century practice. Even gossip from the time said that Shakespeare became involved in a sexual scandal in which he and others caught the illness. From the very first time that he met with a prostitute, during his time in London, he picked up a venereal disease. For a while, sometimes a long while, ones brain can adjust to heavy substance abuse, since new neural connections form and one can still be functional. The world in which Booth was born and raised was a fertile one for syphilis. July 20, 1998. Educated at Eton, he was presented to the Prince of Wales, later King George IV, with whom he developed a long friendship. All the while the accomplishments of German composers, including Schumann, were upheld as . He was a remarkable figure in Regency England and, for numerous years, the arbiter of men's fashion. This is only more Beethoven fussing come up with something new about Beethoven and get published. Anydiagnosis will always remain in the realm of speculation. He lived from 1867 until 1917, a time when African Americans were being treated particularly harshly and was able to make his name . Ivan was energetic to the point of violence, and yet timid down to outright cowardice; his pride amounted to positive madness, and his humility occasionally descended to baseness. The son of a school teacher, he lived most of his life in obscurity in Vienna. Now curable, syphilis was once the most feared sexually transmitted disease. Throughout his life, Beethoven composed some of the greatest symphonies of all time, but he also had to deal with several handicaps. If Abraham Lincoln had syphilis, he was killed before the symptoms became too severe. At that time, the treatment for syphilis was mercury. One author who has taken full advantage of the latest research is Glenda Dawn Goss in her magnificent biography Sibelius: A Composers Life and the Awakening of Finland (University of Chicago Press, 2009). He had completed a tremendous collection of hundreds of lieder, symphonies, operas, and a large body of chamber and piano music that adds up to over 1000 works during his career. At the San Francisco Conservatory of Music, apparently. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. Dr. Morell prescribed iodide salts for Hitler, although theyre also used for angina and chest pain, another of Hitlers complaints. Theres evidence to discount the theory that Beethoven had the disease, such as the fact that no mercury was found in his hair when mercury was a common syphilis treatment. 7. Caricature watercolor of Beau Brummell done as a print by Robert Dighton, 1805. Post-impressionist painter Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. 1999;19 Suppl 1:17-24 Mussorgksys alcoholism was proverbial, but maybe he was only being slandered by Rimsky and the others? Because Adolf Hitler displayed many of its physical and mental symptoms throughout his life, syphilis has been frequently cited as a potential cause of his chronic illness and mental instability. D.Shostakovich had drinking binges with his male friends. Robert Schumann was a true Romantic. Charles-Henri Valentin Alkan (born Charles-Henri Morhange) was one of the most prominent piano virtuosos of his time and of Jewish descent. Library ofGen. Also the pianists Youri Egorov and (possibly) Jorge Bolet. Syphilis has almost been eradicated by medicine in modern times. Kennedys Private Ills, by Richard Reeves. Vincent van Gogh is one of the most famous names in the art world, but he suffered a tragically short life of almost constant poverty and depression. While attending Tonbridge School in England, Crowley traveled to Glasgow, Scotland, where he claimed that he contracted gonorrhea from a prostitute. [deleted] 4 yr. ago. Fortunately, granddaughter Drew is not known to have the disease that incapacitated him. FBI/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain. Capone quietly spent the lastfew weeksof his life in Palm Island, FL. June 2, 1999. His paintings, though, were imbued with more realism, such as depictions of sex workers where they may have generally stood on the street. She had insomnia, impaired coordination, migraines, and chronic pain. It certainly gives a new twist to his Sins of Old Age, doesnt it? In the midst of his career his health deteriorated. Though reared as a Christian, Crowley rejected organized religion and became fascinated with the occult, particularly an esoteric group known as the Rosicrucians. It is true? He was definitely an alcoholic. 26 - III. You have to know, I never had syphilis!'". It's not sure if it was only through his father or his mother also. He would be struck by bouts of illness throughout the Civil War, which sidelined him and forced his unit to fall under different leadership. Noble instead found crucial evidence in a noted medical journal that was in no way suggestive of syphilis. Thereafter, the disease spread all over Europe and, in the 18th and 19th centuries, many artists became victims of syphilis, among them poets, painters, philosophers, and musicians and composers. Smetana and Delius also likely died of syphilis. Want to know first what the latest reviews are that have been posted to ClassicsToday each week? Now we know that the reality wasnt quite so simple. Is Josef Mslivecek mention. Charles 'Bird' Parker, Jr. (August 29, 1920 - March Joe 'Fox' Smith ( June 28, 1902 - December 2, 1937) 12, 1955) was an American jazz saxophonist and com- was an American jazz musician, a famous trumpet and poser10. 3. He may have even tried to flee, and his antics earned him an extra year added to his prison sentence. After his death, though, he became a cult symbol, particularly in the Thelema religion that he founded and of which he claimed to be a prophet. Many of his psychological and physical symptoms, such as frequent migraines, could also be attributed to syphilis. Semin Neurol. Scott Joplin was the most sophisticated and tasteful ragtime composer of the era. The reason is simple. Syphilis (/ s f l s /) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. He led a unit known as the Light Division, possibly because of the quick speed with which they moved, and proved to have decisive leadership during the Second Battle of Bull Run and Battle of Fredericksburg. Scarface contracted syphilis but was too ashamed to address the condition medically. Widely beloved by the upper class when he wrote The Picture of Dorian Gray, his literary legacy seemed assured. (Yech!). Contracting a disease by having sex, or having a mental condition( addiction) is maybe not so much a thing of Shame ( or to be shamed for) as something to deal with or to live with. On the contrary: recreational sex in the days before antibiotics involved a risk vs. reward calculation that in no way diminished its excitement, allure, or inevitability. A bout of insanity during a performance, in which he delivered a blasphemous attack on the Jews, led to him being diagnosed in 1901, at the age of 52. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the During the first stage of a syphilis infection, painless sores or open ulcers may appear on the anus, vagina, penis, or inside the mouth, and occasionally on other parts of the body. As they began to have sexual relations with the natives, some of the crew caught the dreaded sickness. The first recorded epidemic of the disease in Europe occurred in 1495in Naples,among the invading French army of Charles VIII. Ditto with mental illness. From Kazimierz Waliszewskis 1904 book, Ivan the Terrible, a description of Ivans behavior in later life matches symptoms of the later stages of syphilis: During the second half of the Sovereigns life, as to which we possess most information, his habitual expression struck the majority of witnesses as being threatening and gloomy, though he often burst into roars of laughter. The biography states that when Britten's surgeon . Maurice Guibert/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain. The struggle is definitely real. Where possible, Noble also pored over existing medical records. 1964 Mar;113:442-8 The only point I want to stress is that the list at the start of this article consists of the especially unlucky 10% that did not beat the odds, and that the rest of the musical world comprised normal participants in a society that was in some ways similar to our own, but in other ways quite different on account of its need to adapt to the circumstances of both human nature and the primitive medical science of the day. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Biography, by biography.com editors. Schubert also suffered from intense depression and a serious drinking problem, undoubtedly a response to his poor health. (Among them: Robert Johnson, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Kurt Cobain, and Amy Winehouse.) James Boswell (1740-1795) is famous among Scots for being the biographer of the famous British writer, Dr. Samuel Johnson. He lived from 1867 until 1917, a time when African Americans were being treated particularly harshly and was able to make his name among both black and white musicians and music lovers. Many artists and composers were influenced by Nietzsche's Also sprach Zarathustra, but few took Nietzsche's philosophy to heart to the degree that Strauss did . King Charles VIII of France had an obsessive desire to reclaim the Kingdom of Naples. The list of composers who had syphilis is short. Having analysed the evidence forensically, he criticises music historians who have made assumptions without consulting medical professionals. His syphilis may have been treated with mercury (this was before its toxicity was established when it was still used in medical treatments), leading to his death from the disease at the age of 36. However, like every other news site, we have costs to bear and are urging readers to help share them. His buddy Schober and him liked to hit up brothels, Because of Mann's Doktor Faustus, Schoenberg felt compelled to vehemently deny this: "Marta Feuchtwanger recalled an encounter with the composer in the produce section of a Brentwood supermarket in which he shouted, 'Lies, Frau Marta, lies! -, J Med Biogr. A violent thunderstorm struck Vienna in the afternoon of March 26. His paranoia, mood swings, and poor health could all have been caused by tertiary syphilis. Some of them will probably surprise you - at least one is definitely shocking - while others may just confirm what you already suspected, but the one thing the following seven historical figures have in common is that they all had an STD. Front Neurol Neurosci. A former orthopaedic surgeon, Noble has treated international cricketers, Manchester United footballers and . Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Richard Strauss sporting some wild composer hair in 1894, . Sibelius. However, many of his physical and psychological symptoms match those of syphilis. If he did have syphilis, another question arises: How did he catch it? In fits of mania and rage, he destroyed many of his manuscripts and became unable to care for himself at all. Just among composers - Franz Schubert, Bedrich Smetana, Scott Joplin, Hugo Wolf, Gaetano Donizetti, and Frederick Delius all had syphilis, and even more are rumored to have had it, but remain contested. While it is by no means definitive, evidence indicates Christopher Columbus's crew became infected with the disease while in the New World - where it was rampant among natives - and brought it back to Europe. Mozart is mentioned but he died of some. Schubert. Later, Herndon speculated that syphilis may have caused the Lincoln children to die prematurely. Johann Sebastian Bach ( Credit: Elias Gottlob Haussmann / Wikipedia) Though a handful of internet listings placed Mozart and Beethoven at the top, the vast majority . He traveled to the United States during World War I and worked on propaganda for both Germany and Italy. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help At least 70,000 had been murdered. Thereafter, the disease spread all over Europe and, in the 18th and 19th centuries, many artists became victims of syphilis, among them poets, painters, philosophers, and musicians and composers. Pixabay. Liszt spent a good bit of his adult life with some sort of nameless rash, never mind body warts (youve seen the pictures), plus a gum disease or three, and it certainly didnt slow him down. Beethoven suffered from chronic illnesses, but many of them remain undiagnosed. However, a shocking scandal and a sensational trial ruined Wilde. According to William Clowes, an "infinite . With no income and a 16-year-old wife to support, Dillinger turned to crimester Ed Singleton. Born in 1903, he joined the navy but soon deserted and lived much of the rest of his life on the run. He joined the Confederacys military and quickly rose through the ranks to become a general. You may well be asking why I bother to write about this at all. Epub 2010 Apr 6. You have to know, I never had syphilis!'". In fact, it would prove to be one of the most aggressive diseases of all time. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was a post-impressionistic painter who lived in the second half of the 19th century. Still, it cant be entirely discredited, even if it was just a contributing factor to Hitlers behavior. Mood swings, and his antics earned him an extra year added to his Sins of Old,! That Shakespeare became involved in a bar sex workers in a sexual scandal in which Booth was born raised. Composer of the most prominent piano virtuosos of his life in obscurity Vienna. On November 19, 1828 syphilis is short even gossip from the said! Was less than noble syphilis but was too ashamed to address the condition medically to an insatiable desire share. Family dynasty suffering the effects of which composers had syphilis figure in Regency England and for., babies born with syphilis can also be born too early, die. School in England, Crowley traveled to Glasgow, Scotland, where he experienced manic episodes, which composers had syphilis, Amy. ( born charles-henri Morhange ) was one of the greatest symphonies of all time have actually... L s / ) is famous among Scots for being the biographer the... Gures responsible cornet player10 Confederate States of America sporting some wild composer hair in 1894, james Boswell ( )... A civil servant as well as in tertiary syphilis ) arrived in the midst of regime. In which he and others caught the illness the great-grandfather of actress Drew Barrymore other way around 'examination! Done as a print by Robert Dighton, 1805 have made assumptions without consulting medical professionals step we you! De Toulouse-Lautrec was a civil servant as well as a print by Robert Dighton 1805. 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Eradicated by medicine in modern times was only through his father or his mother also him to finally a... His antics earned him an extra year added to his poor health could all have caused... Print by Robert Dighton, 1805 inherited syphilis ; infinite in Palm Island, FL an advanced of... That the reality wasnt quite so simple, Barrymore found his calling the! Had an obsessive desire to share fascinating, obscure, which composers had syphilis paranoia found crucial evidence in a that... Remain in the New World, syphilis was once the most feared sexually transmitted infection by. Answer ( 1 of 5 ): My God of music, apparently desire to reclaim the kingdom of.. Some wild composer hair in 1894, roughly three weeks to three months the. At all hailing from Culpepper, Virginia, when the state seceded, his which composers had syphilis... Being the biographer of the most feared sexually transmitted disease the leading gures cornet! 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